超文本:超越书的结尾(摘要)

Robert Coover
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摘要

对于叙事艺术家来说,超空间具有八月星空的全部魅力:天气舒适,闪烁迷人,但远景却令人生畏。地球上的简单的线性轨迹,曾经被认为是局限的和不灵活的,现在看来具有一定的现实意义。一个“A”和一个“B”,在这两个“A”和“B”之间,叙事永远在前进,可以安全地移动,脚踏实地。它在无限远的地方,但如果你出去了,你怎么回家呢?创造性的艺术家们仍然在这个新的空间,这个新的媒介中摸索,玩弄着多维度,非线性,互动性,多声性的可能性,以及越来越多的其他艺术,视觉,动力和听觉的结合,但仍然不相信叙事,正如我们所喜爱的那样,可以克服与失重相关的晕动病。大多数学术性超文本项目通过允许一组信息卫星围绕一些核心主题(比如一首诗、一个历史事件、一个社会实体、一个哲学或法律问题等)松散地绕圈来保持一种重力感,这样的模型可能很好地服务于艺术项目,但它们不能定义或划分它们。植入一条线也无济于事。几个世纪以来,人们一直在抵制这条线的暴政,突然间,它消失了,虽然它从未存在过,但重新创造它,虽然对一些人来说是一种选择,有点像在外太空修一条路,这样我们就可以把车开到那里去。大多数叙事艺术家,目前,更喜欢呆在家里,那里环境友好,有很多陪伴。他们仍然喜欢熟悉的起点、中间和终点,即使不总是按照这个顺序行进。在超空间中,导航程序仍然如此苛刻,以至于没有时间去欣赏风格、声音、口才、角色和故事。链接和地图似乎比文字更吸引人,尽管书籍文化的附属品——目录、索引和附录、设计、封面和标题——可能已经吞噬了里面的东西。互动性有吸引力,也有威胁。也许最糟糕的是,哪里是结束?你怎么知道一段旅程何时结束,另一段何时开始?所以目前这个领域很大程度上留给了鲁莽、年轻和有进取心的人。飞行用的是看起来吱吱作响的交通工具……
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Hypertext: beyond the end of the book (abstract)
Extended Abstract For the narrative artist, hyperspace haa all the charm of a starry sky in August: the weather's comfortable, the t winkle's alluring, but the vista's intimidatingly awesome. The simple linear trajec-tories of the earthbound, once thought confining and inflexible, are seen to have a certain rea.wur-ing structure, an " A " and a " B " between which narrative, ever on the go, might safely move, feet on the ground. It's pretty out there in infinity, but if you head out, how do you get home again? Creative artists are still fumbling in this new space, this new medium, toying with the possibilities of multidimensionality, nonlinearity, interac-tivity, polyvocality, and, increasingly, the incorporation of other arts, visual, kinetic, and aural, but not yet convinced that narrative, as we lovingly know it, c'an overcome the motionsickness associated with the absence of gravity. Most academic hypertext projects preserve a sense of gravity by allowing a body of informa-tional satellites to circle loosely about some core subject, a poem, say, or an historical event, a social entity, a philosophical or legal problem, etc., and such models might well serve artistic projects but they cannot define or delimit them. Nor does it help to implant a line. All thdse centuries of resisting the tyranny of the line, and suddenly it is gone ss though it never existed, but reinventing it, though an option for some, is a bit like building a road in outer space so we can take our cars out there, Most narrative artists, for the moment, prefer to stay home where the environment's friendly and there's plenty of company. They still like the familiar paths with their beginnings, middles, and ends, even if not always traveled in that order. The navigational procedures are still so demanding out there in hyperspace, that there's too little time to appreciate style, voice, eloquence, character , story. Links and maps seem more compelling than text, aa though the ancillas of book culture-the tables of contents, the indices and appendices, the designs and jackets and headers-might have swallowed up the stuff inside. There's an appeal in interactivity–and a threat. And, maybe worst of all, where's closure out there? How do you know when one journey's over and another can begin? So the field is largely left at present to the rash, the young, the enterprising. Flights are being made in vehicles that seem aa creaky …
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VIKI: spatial hypertext supporting emergent structure Querying typed hypertexts in Multicard/O2 Backtracking in a multiple-window hypertext environment Chimera: hypertext for heterogeneous software environments Accessing hyperdocuments through interactive dynamic maps
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