Dynamics of causes and factors of obtaining secondary vocational education: the situation of «college at the university»

The article is devoted to the results of a sociological study of the causes and factors determining the educational trajectories of students of secondary vocational education. The trend of recent years in the field of vocational education has been a gradual increase in the number of school graduates entering secondary vocational education institutions, while at the same time reducing the number of graduates entering higher education programs. The above explains the relevance of studying the dynamics of the structure of causes and factors that determine professional and educational trajectories. The authors also substantiate the need to take into account the factors associated with conducting such studies of the characteristics of a particular category of secondary vocational education institutions, one of which includes colleges at universities. The authors conducted two rounds of a questionnaire survey in 2018 and 2023 of senior students of all specialties of the Baikal State University College. The monitoring nature of the survey made it possible to consider the dynamics of the structure of the reasons and factors of admission to the «ollege at the university» and to determine changes in the preferred professional and educational trajectories of students after they receive secondary vocational education. There are significant differences in the studied issues between students studying on the basis of basic and secondary general education. In general, there is a general decrease in the importance of the factor of the possibility of entering a university without passing a unified state exam after graduation from college. For students on the basis of 9th grades, the importance of factors related to the possibility of obtaining a profession and a workplace more quickly has increased. The analysis of the dynamics of educational intentions revealed a significant decrease in interest in further education at the university both in the near and long term, which is especially pronounced among those enrolled in college on the basis of basic general education. In general, the data obtained confirm the general trend of strengthening the importance of secondary vocational education as an independent educational level.