Holographic Secondaries In Telescopes

We consider optimization of phase functions of computer generated holograms used in conjunction with ordinary optical elements to reduce the aberrations of monocromatic optical systems. We develop matrix methods that are useful in first-order design of holographic optical systems, and in analysis and optimization of these systems for narrow laser beams, for which geometrical optics is not applicable. We also report experiences on optimization of phase functions by geometrical ray tracing with the aid of damped least squares algorithm. Design examples contain various telescope systems, in which the holographic secondary elements correct aberrations induced by the glass primary.