摩尔曼斯克及其周边地区的固体大气降水

Maksim V. Mityaev, Marina V. Gerasimova, E. Druzhkova, T. G. Ishkulova, M. Menshakova
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摘要

2018年1月2日至2022年12月30日,在摩尔曼斯克及其周边地区开展了固体大气降水的综合研究。获得初雪中固体不溶性颗粒浓度(9.19±0.51 mg/l)及其组分数据:重金属(锌- 60.1±9.8 ng/g,铜- 11.0±2.6 ng/g,铅- 3.28±0.18 ng/g,镉- 0.859±0.096 ng/g),营养物质(硝酸盐- 79±11µg-at/l,亚硝酸盐- 1.02±0.14µg-at/l,磷酸盐- 4.64±0.67µg-at/l,硅酸盐- 25±5µg-at/l)和有机物(21.2±2.2 mg/l),以及聚合物颗粒(碎片- 7766±1401颗粒/升,微纤维- 638±134螺纹/升,宏观纤维- 29±4螺纹/升)的数量。揭示了不溶性颗粒数与气团流入方向的关系。来自巴伦支海的气团带来了固体降水,其中不溶性气溶胶(包括重金属、聚合物颗粒和有机物)比来自大陆的气团少。大气固体降水中生物成因元素的含量与气团流入方向无关。
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Solid atmospheric precipitation in Murmansk and its environs
In the period from January 2, 2018 to December 30, 2022, a comprehensive study of solid atmospheric precipitation was carried out in Murmansk and its environs. Data were obtained on the concentration in freshly fallen snow of solid insoluble particles (9.19±0.51 mg/l) and their components: heavy metals (zinc – 60.1±9.8 ng/g, copper – 11.0±2.6 ng/g, lead – 3.28±0.18 ng/g, cadmium – 0.859±0.096 ng/g), nutrients (nitrates – 79±11 µg-at/l, nitrites – 1.02±0.14 µg-at/l, phosphates – 4.64±0.67 µg-at/l, silicates – 25±5 µg-at/l) and organic matter (21.2±2.2 mg/l), as well as the amount of polymer particles (fragments – 7766±1401 particles per liter, micro-fibers – 638±134 threads per liter, macro-fibers – 29±4 threads per liter). The relationship between the number of insoluble particles and the direction of air masses inflow was revealed. Air masses coming from the Barents Sea brought solid precipitation with less insoluble aerosols (including heavy metals, polymer particles and organic matter) than air masses coming from the continent. The amount of biogenic elements in solid atmospheric precipitation does not depend on the direction of inflow of air masses.
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