The impact of tourism on carbon (CO2) Emissions: An empirical analysis of Turkiye

The study aims to reveal the effects of developments in tourism on CO2 emissions in Turkey from 1984 to 2021. In this context, the relationship between CO2 emissions, tourism revenues (TR), and international tourist arrivals (ITA) was analyzed using the autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) boundary test approach. The results indicate a significant long-term relationship between the variables. The findings reveal that tourism revenues have a decreased effect, and international tourist arrivals have an increased effect on CO2 emissions in the long run. These results suggest that Turkey needs stronger policies specifically for this subject.