模拟别令斯豪森海和南极半岛大陆架的环流、温度、盐度和海平面的季节和季节内变化

I. Brovchenko, V. Maderich, К. Тerletska, A. Bezhenar
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引用次数: 0

摘要

研究的目的是用数值方法模拟别令斯豪森海和南极半岛西部大陆架(WAP)的环流、海平面、温度和盐度的季节和季节变化。采用半隐式跨尺度水文科学综合系统模型和海冰动力学-热力学有限元海冰模型,该模型采用非结构三角形水平网格和垂直局域sigma坐标系。利用ERA5再分析数据设定了海洋表面的热通量、动量通量和盐通量。在开放边界处,根据哥白尼再分析确定了温度和盐度的垂直分布。在计算域的西部开放边界上,还指定了哥白尼模型流速的垂直分布,而在东部开放边界上,则指定了水平偏差。利用小波分析对海平面进行了时间变率分析。将2014-2015年海平面、温度和盐度场的建模结果与WAP大陆架上的现有观测数据(包括乌克兰南极考察队的数据)进行了比较。给出了模拟的最低位温Tmin(冬季水)亚表层的水平和垂直分布。Tmin深度在10 ~ 100 m范围内变化,越往北越深。最小电位温度Tmin值也从-1.8°C向北增大到1.2°C。结合位于WAP海岸的Faraday/Akademik Vernadsky和Rothera潮汐站的观测数据,分析了该模型计算的2014-2015年海平面的季节内振荡。在1 ~ 150天范围内,两个站点的水位尺度图的最大振幅分别为2014年的100天和2015年的120天。两个站点在2014年和2015年观测到的最大水平尺度克幅值周期分别为88 d和80 d。南极涛动(AAO)尺度图的最大振幅出现在2014年的105天和2015年的123天。2014年海平面尺度图与AAO的相关系数分别为0.84和0.86,2015年分别为0.87和0.90。结果表明,在100天左右的时间尺度上,西南极洲海洋的季节内过程与AAO之间存在一定的关系。
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Modelling seasonal and intraseasonal variations of circulation,temperature, salinity and sea level in the Bellingshausen Seaand on the Antarctic Peninsula shelf
The objective of the study is to simulate using numerical methods the seasonal and intraseasonal variations of circula-tion, sea level, temperature and salinity in the Bellingshausen Sea and on the shelf of the western part of the Antarctic Penin-sula (WAP). The Semi-implicit Cross-scale Hydroscience Integrated System Model with an unstructured triangular horizontal grid and a vertical local sigma coordinate system and ice dynamic-thermodynamic Finite-Element Sea Ice Model were applied. Heat, momentum and salt fluxes were set on the ocean surface using the ERA5 reanalysis data. At the open boundaries, the vertical distribution of temperature and salinity was determined according to the COPERNICUS reanalysis. At the western open boundary of the computational domain, the vertical distribution of velocity of currents from COPERNICUS was also specified, whereas at the open eastern boundary the level deviations were specified. Time variability analysis of sea level wasperformed using wavelet analysis. The results of modelling of the sea level, temperature, and salinity fields for 2014–2015 were compared with the available observational data on the shelf of the WAP, including data from the Ukrainian Antarctic Expedition. The simulated horizontal and vertical distributions of the subsurface layer with minimum of potential temperature Tmin (Winter Water) are given. The depth of the Tmin varies in the range of 10–100 m increasing to the north. The values of minimum of po-tential temperature Tmin also increase to the north from –1.8 to 1.2 °C. The intraseasonal oscillations of sea level computed by the model for 2014—2015 were analysed together with data of observations at the tidal stations Faraday/Akademik Vernadsky and Rothera located at the coast of WAP. In the range 1–150 days the largest amplitudes of the level scalegrams were found for a period of approximately 100 days in 2014 and 120 days in 2015 at both stations. The largest amplitudes of modelled level scale-grams were observed with a period of approximately 88 days in 2014 and 80 days in 2015 at both stations. The largest amplitudesof scalegrams for Antarctic Oscillation (AAO) were found for a period of 105 days in 2014 and 123 days in 2015. The corresponding correlation coefficients between observed sea level scalegrams and AAO for 2014 were 0.84 and 0.86, respectively, whereas for 2015 they were 0.87 and 0.90, respectively. It was concluded that the relationship between intraseasonal processes in the ocean in West Antarctica and AAO existed at a time scale of about 100 days.
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