In-vitro investigation of cholesterol removal, ß-galactosidase synthesis, antioxidant, and antidiabetic potential of probiotic organisms

The present study is aimed to determine some important health beneficial properties of probiotic isolates such as cholesterol removal, β -galactosidase production, antioxidant, and anti-diabetic activity. Nine probiotic isolates were screened for Bile Salt Hydrolase (BSH) activity and potential BSH producers were selected for cholesterol removal study. Isolate B11 has shown significant cholesterol removal ability (88 ± 0.2%) after 24 h and this property was also analyzed with variable concentrations, time profile, with live, and dead cells as well as from egg yolk with simulation treatment. As probiotics improve lactose intolerance, all isolates were assessed for their lactose utilizing and β -galactosidase production ability where maximum enzyme activity was observed in case of isolate D25 (226 ± 0.30 Miller units). All the isolates were also assessed for their antioxidant potential using four different methods such as reducing power assay, 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay, and superoxide dismutase activity. Out of nine isolates, isolate D25 and B11 have shown significant antioxidant property. Further, these isolates were also subjected to anti-diabetic study, where isolate D25 (89 ± 0.01%) and B11 (98 ± 0.30%) have shown high α -glucosidase inhibition which indicate their effective anti-diabetic activity. Hence, overall probiotic isolate D25 and B11 have shown significant health beneficial properties and they were further identified as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus , respectively.