COVID-19急性呼吸衰竭期间联合使用无创支持策略的影响

J. Marín Corral, F. Parrilla, M. Restrepo, S. Pascual-Guardia, A. Rodríguez, J. C. Ballesteros, S. Sancho, L. Socias, E. Diaz, A. Albaya-Moreno, J. Masclans
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摘要

目的:评价联合无创支持策略[高流量鼻插管(HFNC)、无创通气(NIV)或两者结合]对危重症COVID-19患者的影响。方法:前瞻性观察性多中心研究,73个西班牙ICU的数据来自SEMICYUC注册表。纳入所有因呼吸衰竭而入院的新冠肺炎确诊患者。根据入院时使用的通气策略以及随后的成功、失败或策略改变进行分类。评估了人口统计数据、合并症、入院时严重程度、呼吸系统、生物标志物、衰竭、住院时间和死亡率。结果:我们分析了3,889例患者,33%在ICU入院时接受HFNC, 11%接受NIV。与HFNC组相比,NIV组病情更严重,入院时休克更多。当NIV作为首选时,失败率和死亡率高于HFNC(68%对61%,p=0.016, 27%对20%,p=0.003)。在最初接受HFNC的患者中,57%的患者失败,7.4%的患者改用NIV,死亡率没有变化。在切换为NIV的患者中,66%的患者在HFNC开始后失败,死亡率趋势高于插管患者(40% vs 30%, p=0.098)。在最初接受NIV的患者中,60%失败,20%改用HFNC。将NIV转换为HFNC的患者死亡率低于最初失败的患者(18% vs 40%, p<0.001)。在切换到HFNC的患者中,43%的患者失败,与插管患者在NIV开始后的死亡率相同(38% vs 38%, p=0.934)。结论:入院时接受NIV治疗的患者预后差于接受HFNC治疗的患者。对于接受HFNC作为第一选择而没有成功的患者,改变策略可能会使预后恶化。
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Impact of combined non-invasive support strategies use during acute respiratory failure due to COVID-19.
Objectives: To evaluate the impact of combined non-invasive support strategies in critically ill COVID-19 patients [high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC), non-invasive ventilation (NIV) or both]. Method(s): Prospective observational multicenter study in 73 Spanish ICU with data obtained from the SEMICYUC registry. All confirmed COVID-19 patients admitted due to respiratory failure were included. They were classified according to the ventilatory strategy used on admission and subsequently according to success, failure, or strategy change. Demographic data, comorbidities, severity at admission, respiratory, biomarkers, failure, length of stay and mortality were evaluated. Result(s): We analyzed 3,889 patients, 33% receiving HFNC, and 11% NIV at ICU admission. NIV group compared to HFNC were more severely ill with more shock on admission. When NIV was received as a first-choice higher failure rates and mortality were shown vs HFNC (68% vs 61%, p=0.016 and 27% vs 20%, p=0.003). Among patients who initially received HFNC, 57% failed and 7.4% switched to NIV, with no change in mortality. Among patients who were switched to NIV, 66% failed presenting a higher mortality trend than the intubated patients after the HFNC starting (40% vs 30%, p=0.098). Among patients who initially received NIV, 60% failed and 20% switched to HFNC. Patients in whom NIV was switched to HFNC, had lower mortality than patients who initially failed (18% vs 40%, p<0.001). Among patients who were switched to HFNC, 43% failed, presenting the same mortality as the intubated patients after the NIV starting (38% vs 38%, p=0.934). Conclusion(s): Patients receiving NIV at admission have worse outcomes than those receiving HFNC. Changing the strategy in patients who received HFNC as a first choice without success can worsen the prognosis.
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