正在进行的工作-对面向过程的结果进行行为观察的工作抽样

M. Besterfield-Sacre, E. Newcome, M. Tokorcheck, L. Shuman, H. Wolfe
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引用次数: 1

摘要

最近的认证实践正转向直接衡量学生在11项明确的工程成果方面的成就。虽然普通考试能够衡量某些结果,但它们不能完全评估许多更面向过程的结果,如团队合作、解决问题、设计等。丰富、深入的评估方法,如行为观察,是可取的,因为它们使我们能够调查学生的学习成果,从而评估学生在更高层次学习领域的能力。我们目前最好的方法(100%观察)需要大量的时间和资源。工业界已经了解到,可以使用统计方法对可观察到的环境进行“抽样”来评估活动。工作抽样和相关方法使用概率论来减少观察事件或活动所需的时间,这些事件或活动不是以系统的方式发生的,而不会丢失信息。我们正在通过将这些方法扩展到观察学生学习成果的认知、行为和情感领域,弥合教育评估和行业实践之间的差距。本文描述了开发采样区间的研究,并为团队合作这一面向过程的结果提供了初步结果。
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Work in progress-work sampling of behavioral observations for process-oriented outcomes
Recent accreditation practices are migrating towards direct measures of student achievement of the eleven enunciated engineering outcomes. Though common examinations are capable of measuring certain outcomes, they are not fully capable of assessing many of the more process-oriented outcomes such as teamwork, problem solving, design, etc. Rich, in-depth assessment methods such as behavioral observation are desirable because they enable us to investigate student-learning outcomes and thus evaluate the students' ability to function in the higher level learning domains. Our best current method for doing this (100% observation) requires considerable time and resources. Industry has learned that activities can be assessed using statistical methods that "sample" the observable environment. Work sampling and related methods use probability theory to reduce the amount of time necessary to observe events or activities that do not occur in a systematic manner without loss of information. We are bridging this gap between educational assessment and industry practices by extending these methods to the observation of intervals that capture the cognitive, behavioral and affective domains of student learning outcomes. This paper describes the research involved in developing sampling intervals and provides preliminary results for one process-oriented outcome that of teamwork.
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