面对灾难的抗议:灭绝、反抗与悲伤的反政治

Jacob Seagrave
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摘要

灭绝叛乱(XR)是一个新的环境运动,成立于2018年,利用非暴力的公民不服从来传达人为气候变化的灾难性严重性,抗议政府采取紧急行动,到2025年将温室气体排放减少到净零,并倡导建立公民大会来领导政府的气候正义政策。本论文是对这一运动的一般民族志描述,并具体分析了活动家通过使用悲伤和哀悼作品来构建、维持和执行其主体性的过程。通过探索这个复杂的过程和新时代的前景,在一个静修工作坊和街头抗议的背景下,我认为XR活动家是末日预言家,他们通过表现自己悲伤的主观性来表达和证实气候灾难的真相。反过来,我认为这种方法构成了一种高度情绪化和人性化的反政治形式,旨在阐明反对“制度”的真相。关键词:气候灾难、悲伤、末日预言、主观性、反政治。
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Protest in the Face of Catastrophe: Extinction Rebellion and the anti-politics of grief
Extinction Rebellion (XR) is a novel environmental movement formed in 2018 which uses non-violent civil disobedience to communicate the catastrophic severity of anthropogenic climate change, protest for urgent action to be taken by governments to cut greenhouse gas emissions to net zero by 2025, and advocate for the establishment of a Citizens’ Assembly to lead government policy on climate justice. This dissertation serves as a general ethnographic account of the movement and specifically analyses the process by which activists construct, sustain and perform their subjectivities through the use of grief and work of mourning. By exploring this complex process and the New Age outlook which informs it, in both the setting of a retreat workshop and street protests, I argue that XR activists are doomsayers who express and authenticate the truth of climate catastrophe through the performance of their own grieving subjectivities. I suggest in turn that this approach constitutes a highly emotive and humanistic form of anti-politics orientated towards the articulation of the truth against ‘the system’. keywords: climate catastrophe, grief, doomsaying, subjectivity, anti-politics.
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