Substrate integrated waveguide leaky-wave antenna for fixed-frequency beam steering

A novel technique to achieve fixed-frequency beam steering leaky-wave antenna (LWA) based on substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) is presented. The main beam direction can be controlled by changing the effective width of the waveguide. The antenna structure contains two rows of vias located along the waveguide on each side. The outer row of vias is fixed. The spacing between the adjacent vias of the inner row can be changed, so the effective width of the waveguide is varied, therefore the beam angle of the antenna is controlled. The results of full-wave simulation of the antenna show the ability of the main beam controlling, which can be adjusted from 36° to 70° at 5.8 GHz for the parameters given in this paper.