Effect of Reducing Phytic Acid from Sudanese Sorghum Bicolor (F.G) Using Simple Technique Methods on Broilers Performance

Phytic acid is known as inositol hexakis phosphate (IP6) inositol poly phosphate, or phytate (when it is in salt form), discovered in 1903 (Mullaney 2012). Phytic acid has been termed as anti–nutrient due to its ability to bind minerals protein and starches, either directly or indirectly and thus alter their solubility functionality and absorption (Nelson, 1967) The effect of phytic acid inhuman and animals nutrition are related to the interaction of phytic acid with protein, vitamins and several minerals, thereby restricting their bio-extractability (Svanberg and Lorri, 1997). Lower serum lipids have been associated with higher intake of the phytic acid, and an addition of phytic acid to high cholesterol diet reduced both serum cholesterol and triacylglycarols. In broilers (P.A) showed lower feed consumption, severely reduced growth and leg problems as a sign of P-deficiency. In view of the anti nutritional effects of phytic acid many attempts have been made to eliminate phytic acid from foods by several methods such as soaking ,fermentation , storing, cooking, germination, dehulling (Sathe2002), (Mahgoub and Elhag1998), (Ockenden and Lott1997 ,Omara2000). In Sudan poultry diets content depend on sorghum bicolor especially (F.G) ,the cereals have a large amount of phytic acid (more than 887mg/100g), and thus maybe alter the performance of poultry ,so the trial was conducted to use simple processing methods such as dehulling soaking -germination –vitamin C ,and storing methods to reduce phytic acid compound from sorghum bicolor (F.G), the main dish in broiler diet in Sudan and to investigate the effect of that on Broiler performance , and to shed light on phytic acid as a controversial component. Abstract: Two experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of reducing sorghum phytate on broilers performance. Firstly, an Experiment was conducted to reduce phytic acid from Sudanese Sorghum bicolor (local name: Feterita Gadarif (F.G)) using simple technique methods. Approximate Analyses was done to determine the initial and final nutrition values of the grains while using processing methods and to measure the change of nutrient content after processing treatments. The treatments of processing were divided into five methods of process in addition of control (unprocessed cereal) such as dehulling, germination, soaking, vitamin C and storing methods respectively, to reduce phytic acid content of the grains. The treatments shown significant decrease (p>0.05) in phytic acid contents of the processed sorghum as compared with unprocessed one (control). The second experiment was divided into two periods: starter and finishing period. 300 old unsexed broilers (HybroB) were used in one day. Six experiment diets were formulated with different level of processed sorghum (F.G), with 5 replicates in complete randomized design. Feed intake, body weight were weekly recorded. Then weight gain and feed conversion ratio was calculated, mortality was also recorded. 26 birds from each treatment were randomly selected, weighted and slaughtered for deterring carcass dressing percentage. Internal organs weighted and serum was analyzed, Result obtained shows that feeding processed grain (F.G) to broilers has significantly affected (p>0.05) feed intake, body weight gain, dressing percentage, abdominal fat, live and hot weight. Treatments had a significant increase effect (p>0.05) on whole blood serum contents, high level of cholesterol, glucose, calcium level, meat protein and fat contents were observed in birds which were fed on processed grains. Treatments had a significant increase (in p>0.01) in level of tibia ash, observed by birds fed on processed grains as compared with control.