Osteopontin and Periostin levels in peri-miniscrew implant crevicular fluid during Class III treatment

Introduction: Anchorage control is important for the success of orthodontic treatment. The stability of miniscrew implants (MIs) is determined by the clinical, biomechanical and biochemical assessments. Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the levels of Osteopontin(OPN) and Periostin (PSN)in peri-miniscrew implant crevicular fluid (PMICF) at different time intervals. Subjects and methods: Eight skeletal Class III patients with maxillary deficiency were selected. Sixteen MIs (Hubit co, Korea) of 1.6 mm diameter and10 mm length were placed bilaterally between the maxillary second premolars and first molars. Additional sixteen MIs of 1.4 mm diameter and 8 mm length were inserted between mandibular canines and first premolars. A fixed posterior bite plate was used to facilitate bite jumping. 250-300g force per side was immediately delivered by intermaxillary closed coil springs (Ortho Technology, TAD coil spring, USA). PMICF samples were obtained before loading(T1); on day one(T2), two(T3), seven(T4) and on day 30 (T5) after force application. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were used to determine OPN and PSN levels. Results: The percentage change in levels of OPN and PSN broadly showed a decrease upon loading of MIs. However, at the end of observation period, there was no statistically significant difference between T1and T5. Conclusions: The OPN and PSN levels varied around MIs as a result of force application and may be used as biomarkers for assessing implant stability throughout loading periods. Immediate loading of MIs with intermaxillary closed coil springs for treatment of skeletal Class III patient did not impair implant stability.