Frequency Stability Enhancement of Hybrid Multi-area Power Grid Considering High Renewable Energy Penetration Using TID Controller

This article presents an efficient control strategy based on a Tilt-Integral-Derivative (TID) controller gains to face future problems related to modern power systems. Nowadays, most of the problems relate to the high penetration percentage of renewable energy sources (RESs) to the power grid. The studied system is a composite of the two-area interconnected power systems. Each area is served by a combination of traditional units (i.e., a thermal unit, a hydro unit, and a gas unit). Furthermore, renewable power penetration has been considered in the two areas to form a hybrid power system. Moreover, a new meta-heuristic optimization algorithm named the weighted mean of vectors (INFO) has been applied to fine-tune the parameters of the proposed TID controller. The proposed TID controller is utilized to support the frequency stability of two-area multi-sources compared to other controllers in previous studies (i.e., PID controller in alignment with teaching learning-based optimization (TLBO) and TID based on interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA)) under different operating conditions. Additionally, the challenge of high RESs penetrating is proposed to test the TID controller effectiveness in achieving more stability in the targeted electricity network. The investigated simulation results are carried out utilizing the MATLAB/SIMULINK program, and these results elucidate that the proposed TID controller based on the INFO algorithm can enhance the frequency stability effectively while guaranteeing reliable performance considering various perturbations.