临别赠言:创伤、沉默和生存

C. Caruth
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引用次数: 56

摘要

本文探讨了弗洛伊德创伤研究的一个核心谜题:在死亡驱力理论中,令人惊讶的出现了对生命的驱力,一种生存形式,既见证了它起源的创伤,又远离了它。在弗洛伊德的著作《超越快乐原则》(Beyond the Pleasure Principle)中,我特别分析了他的两个主要创伤例子的惊人并列:第一次世界大战中士兵所遭受的反复的战斗噩梦,以及面对失去母亲的孩子的游戏,母亲用线轴玩fort和da(那里和这里)。然而,我对弗洛伊德的见解的理解并不是简单地通过阅读他的文章而产生的,而是始于我在亚特兰大遇到的一个真实的孩子,这个孩子最好的朋友在街上被谋杀了,他接受了朋友母亲的采访。因此,我在弗洛伊德的文本中把噩梦的语言和孩子的语言读在一起,然后试图理解弗洛伊德的文本和真实孩子的语言是如何相互揭示的。
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Parting words: Trauma, silence and survival
Abstract This article examines an enigma at the heart of Freud's work on trauma: the surprising emergence, from within the theory of the death drive, of the drive to life, a form of survival that both witnesses and turns away from the trauma in which it originates. I analyse in particular the striking juxtaposition, in Freud's founding work Beyond the Pleasure Principle, of his two primary examples of trauma: the repetitive nightmares of battle suffered by the soldiers of World War I, and the game of the child, faced with the loss of its mother, who plays fort and da (there and here) with his spool. My own understanding of Freud's insight did not emerge, however, simply through a reading of his text but began, in fact, in my encounter with a real child in Atlanta, a child whose best friend was murdered in the street and who is interviewed by the friend's mother. I thus read together the language of the nightmare and the language of the child in Freud's text, and then attempt to understand how Freud's text and the language of the real child shed light upon each other.
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