Development of universal metacognitive skills of students

The article highlights the results of a study devoted to the development of universal metacognitive skills. The main purpose of the work is the development of students’ metacognitive skills. An attempt to integrate metacognitive instructions into the learning environment and the preparation of instructions suitable for a particular learning environment have brought certain results. Metacognitive instruction is conducted outside of disciplines, the research is focused on universal, interdisciplinary metacognitive skills of students and their development. The participants are 29 students of 1-st year of the educational program “Psychology” of the M.H. Dulaty Taraz Regional University, who studied in a blended format because of the pandemic. The first instruction of the study — the formation of ideas about metacognition among students is based on the theoretical conclusions of scientists who conducted research on metacognition, the second instruction — setting goals in the study of disciplines by students, is based on the well-known traditional method of developing metacognition — structured written reflection, the third — “What approach to learning do you use?” — the methodology developed by the Edinburgh Center for Research in Teaching and Instruction, translated into Kazakh. The study results confirm the conclusions of studies by foreign authors that the development of metacognitive skills is more effective when accompanied by a cognitive component. The most useful and effective instruction among the three listed, we can call setting goals in the study of disciplines among students. The general conclusion of the study is the conditionality and necessity of metacognitive instructions among 1st-year students.