Forgotten intrauterine device inducing aseptic peritonitis in newly started peritoneal dialysis

Infectious peritonitis is a challenging condition to continuing peritoneal dialysis (PD) in many end-stage renal disease patients. A cloudy peritoneal effluent or abdominal pain is the most common symptoms of peritonitis, which would be confirmed with peritoneal leukocytosis. However, not all cloudy effluent and peritoneal leukocytosis are infectious in etiology. Here, we report a case of peritoneal leukocytosis related to a forgotten intrauterine device (IUD), where antibiotic therapy failed to achieve a clinical change. This case report and literature review provides insight into a rare but significant presentation of aseptic peritonitis and highlights the need to consider IUD interaction with PD dialysate as a reason for aseptic peritonitis.