脑机接口系统,性能,挑战和应用

Zhu Jiping
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引用次数: 3

摘要

使用放置在头皮上的电极,脑机接口(BCI)可以读取大脑中的电活动,并将其解释为发送到输出设备的命令。人工神经肌肉输出通道未用于脑机接口。患有脑瘫、肌萎缩性侧索硬化症、脊髓或中风等神经肌肉疾病的人可能会从BCI中受益匪浅,因为它可以帮助他们恢复或维持他们曾经拥有的能力。标准化的技术平台是大规模跨国研究努力的结果;这些平台有潜力被用来解决一些棘手的问题,比如特征选择和分割,以及大脑极其复杂的动态。脑机接口的研究人员还面临着额外的挑战,即时间变量的心理-神经生理波动对大脑信号的影响,在这项技术能够以即插即用的方式应用于日常生活之前,必须克服这些挑战。本文简要总结了迄今为止几十年来对bci的研究和开发,并讨论了尚未解决的最紧迫问题。
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Brain Computer Interface System, Performance, Challenges and Applications
Using electrodes placed on the scalp, a Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) may read electric activity in the brain and interpret it into orders to be sent to output devices. Artificial neuromuscular output channels are not used in BCIs. People with neuromuscular illnesses such as cerebral palsy, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, spinal cord or stroke might greatly benefit from BCI since it can help them regain or maintain the abilities they once had. Standardized technological platforms have been developed as a result of massive multinational research efforts; and these platforms have the potential to be utilized to tackle intractable issues such as feature selection and segmentation, as well as the brain's incredibly complex dynamics. Researchers working on BCIs face additional challenges from the impact of time-variable psycho-neurophysiological fluctuations on brain signals, which must be overcome before the technology can be used in a plug-and-play fashion in daily life. This article provides a concise summary of the decades of research and development that have gone into BCIs so far, as well as a discussion of the most pressing issues yet to be solved.
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