基于性别的庇护制度与认识上的不公正:一个结构性的限制

Ezgi Sertler
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引用次数: 4

摘要

最近探索被迫流离失所的认识层面的一项尝试侧重于基于性别的庇护制度,并希望在评估与性别有关的庇护申请时发现认识上的不公正形式。在这一尝试之后,我的目的是在本文中展示基于性别的庇护制度是如何构建的,以产生认知上的不公正,至少以证言不公正和促成不公正的形式。当我们认识到庇护制度是如何形成的,以便为各自的移民法院和委员会享有的制度性安慰提供合法性时,这种结构性限制就变得明显起来。在当前的民族国家秩序中,现有的庇护制度为移民委员会和法院提供了制度性的安慰,导致国家行为者的知识资源而不是申请人的知识资源被系统性地优先考虑,这反过来又导致了知识上的不公正,并影响了申请人难民身份的确定。
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The Institution of Gender-Based Asylum and Epistemic Injustice: A Structural Limit
One of the recent attempts to explore epistemic dimensions of forced displacement focuses on the institution of gender-based asylum and hopes to detect forms of epistemic injustice within assessments of gender related asylum applications. Following this attempt, I aim in this paper to demonstrate how the institution of gender-based asylum is structured to produce epistemic injustice at least in the forms of testimonial injustice and contributory injustice. This structural limit becomes visible when we realize how the institution of asylum is formed to provide legitimacy to the institutional comfort the respective migration courts and boards enjoy. This institutional comfort afforded to migration boards and courts by the existing asylum regimes in the current order of nation-states leads to a systemic prioritization of state actors’ epistemic resources rather than that of applicants, which, in turn, results in epistemic injustice and impacts the determination of applicants’ refugee status.
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