PROSPECTS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF CAST LIGHTWEIGHT METAL STRUCTURES FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF MODULAR BUILDINGS

A review of prefab modular building metal structures with a list of their advantages and an assessment of reuse compared to building structures made of concrete and wood is carried out. An analysis of the cost structure of such metal structures and their installation is given. It is noted that the most effective means of reducing the cost of metal structures is to reduce metal consumption. Unlike welded for bolted structures, installation is simplified and bolted connections provide the possibility of disassembling the structure with transportation to another place, which is important for hangars, warehouses that change location. The use of cast metal structures, in particular, made by gasification model casting (LGM) in vacuum molds made of loose sand, has significant opportunities. The motivation, methods and examples of optimization of constructions, as well as imitation of constructions of nature, in particular crystalline materials, for man-made metal products are considered. Cellular spatial materials obtained by the LGM method expand the existing range of properties compared to compact materials. And cast lattice materials, in particular, the analogues of which are taken from the macro- and microworld of nature, from prefabricated model elements, will simplify construction and allow the production of cellular materials and frame lightweight products, which are often called "materials of the future." Ukraine obtains metal from its own ores and is able to transform it into a high-tech, knowledge-intensive product in the form of machines, mechanisms and metal construction structures. The development of such technologies opens up ways to borrow the structural properties of natural materials known to us not only to copy them, but also to obtain new materials and structures with optimization for specific mechanisms or buildings. At the same time, construction with the use of metal structures has all the prerequisites to become an effective solution in the construction industry, which will contribute to the reconstruction of the country.