道金斯对证明上帝存在的五种方法的批评

Simplesius Sandur
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摘要

托马斯·阿奎那(1225/1224-1274)是中世纪哲学史上最伟大的思想家之一。他写了一部非常出色的作品,叫做《神学大全》。这是一部神学著作,但充满了哲学论证。他引用柏拉图和亚里士多德等希腊思想家的话来证明自己的论点。多马的一个重要论点是证明上帝的存在,也就是现在所说的五种方式。多马向他的读者展示上帝的存在,并从哲学上而不是神学上证明了这一点。理查德·道金斯(Richard Dawkins, 1941 -)在他的《上帝的错觉》一书中批判了托马斯的观点,使《五种方法》重新呈现给现代读者。道金斯的批判基于现代科学的明显特征。他的批判得到了他的达尔文主义背景和他推广无神论的努力的支持。根据道金斯的说法,《五种方法》并不能证明任何关于上帝的事情。本文试图从无神论的角度审视和解读托马斯对《五道论》的论述,以及道金斯如何解读和批判《五道论》。
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KRITIK DAWKINS TERHADAP LIMA JALAN PEMBUKTIAN EKSISTENSI ALLAH THOMAS AQUINAS
Thomas Aquinas (1225/1224-1274) is one of greatest thinker in the history of Medieval philosophy. He wrote his par excellence work, called Summa Theologiae. It is a theological work but rich with philosophical arguments. He established his arguments by citing Greek thinkers such as Plato and Aristotle. One of Thomas’ important argument is the prove of God’s existence or what nowdays calls as The Five Ways. Thomas presents his readers that God exists and proves it philosophically than theologically. Richard Dawkins (1941 - ) revives The Five Ways to modern readers by critizing Thomas’ arguments in his The God Delusion. Dawkins bases his critique on the evident character of modern science. His critique is supported by his Darwinism background and his efforts to promote atheism. According to Dawkins, The Five Ways does not prove anything about God. This article tries to examine and interprateThomas’ arguments on The Five Way and how Dawkins reads and critizes it from atheism point of view.
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