Propagation over terrain considering refractivity profiles

The physical optics (PO) calculations have been utilized for numerical simulations of electromagnetic field above irregular ground. The PO approximation and numerical simulations using parabolic equation method are used for new comparison with findings of longstanding testing of microwave field and tropospheric refractivity profiles. It is demonstrated that the PO could offer reliable numerical simulations for low altitude field and diffraction field zone even for numerous three-dimensional distributions of the atmospheric refraction.