尼日利亚高原州交易犬狂犬病毒分子特征分析

L. Konzing, J. Kwaga, G. Kia, H. Kazeem, N. Mkpuma, I. Tekki, Muhammad
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摘要

狂犬病是人类已知的最可怕的疾病之一,在尼日利亚流行。本研究旨在高原地区交易犬狂犬病毒抗原的检测和分子特征分析。采用直接荧光抗体检测和小鼠接种技术,对2018年2月至6月屠宰犬脑组织中狂犬病抗原的流行情况进行了横断面研究。对所鉴定的狂犬病毒进行了直接荧光抗体检测、聚合酶链反应(PCR)、测序和系统发育分析。利用分子进化遗传分析(MEGA) 10进行系统发育分析,确定它们与Genbank中其他狂犬病毒序列的进化关系。结果表明,在450个狗脑样本中,14个(3.1%)狂犬病毒抗原阳性。获得的动物学数据显示,66.3%的犬为雌性,饲养犬主要用于安全(n=54)和繁殖(n=28)。用14份阳性样品接种70只成年小鼠,RT - PCR检测阳性8份,阳性2份。系统发育分析表明,MZ148311与eu0380106同源性极好(99.8%),MZ148312与EU038087同源性极好(100%),与此前报道在高原和尼日利亚流行的溶血病毒亲缘关系最密切,属于非洲2系。
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Molecular characterization of rabies virus in trade dogs from Plateau state, Nigeria
Rabies is one of the most dreaded diseases known to mankind and it is endemic in Nigeria. This study was aimed at the detection and molecular  characterisation of the rabies virus antigen in trade dogs in Plateau State. A cross-sectional study was performed to determine the prevalence of rabies  antigen in the brain tissues of slaughtered dogs, from February to June 2018 using a direct fluorescent antibody test and mouse inoculation technique.  Direct Fluorescent Antibody Test, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the identified rabies virus were also  undertaken. Phylogenetic analysis was done using molecular evolutionary genetic analysis (MEGA) 10 to determine their evolutionary relationship with  other rabies virus sequences deposited in Genbank. Results indicated, out of 450 dog brain samples tested 14(3.1%) were positive for rabies virus  antigen. Zoographic data obtained showed 66.3% of dogs were female, and the dogs were kept mainly for security (n=54) and breeding (n=28). Fourteen  positive samples were used to inoculate 70 adult mice, only 8 samples were positive and 2 samples were also positive by RT PCR. Phylogenetic analysis of  the nucleotide sequences showed that the two rabies virus sequences in this study, sequence MZ148311 had very close identity with EU038106 (99.8%  homology) and sequence MZ148312 had perfect identity with EU038087 (100% homology) was most closely related to lyssavirus that has been reported  to be circulating previously in Plateau and Nigeria, belonging to the Africa 2 lineage. 
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