Performances of C-V2X Communication on Highway under Varying Channel Propagation Models

In recent decades, both the industry and the academy society are sparing no efforts to develop and standardize the Cellular-Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) communication which is one of the prominent emerging services of the next generation of wireless network (5G). C-V2X communication is used for information exchange among the traffic participants with network-assisted which can reduce traffic accidents and improve traffic efficiency. And it is also the primary enabler for cooperative driving. But C-V2X communication has to meet different Quality of Service (QoS) requirements (e.g., ultra-high reliability (99.999%) and ultra-low latency). Guaranteeing a high-level reliability is a big challenge, the performance of C-V2X communication is heavily dependent on the channel model. Hence, the selection of channel models plays an important role in evaluating the performance of C-V2X communication. In this work, we analyze the C-V2X system performances under three different channel models – Two-Ray interference model, WINNER II channel model, and the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) channel model applied to the same highway scenario. And we try to find out the reliable and practical channel model for different C-V2X applications according to the system performance characteristics of the three channel models. Moreover, in order to discover the effects of shadowing on the system performance, we study and compare the WINNER II model and 3GPP model with and without shadowing. In addition, a system-level simulator of the direct C-V2X communication on a highway scenario has been implemented and the simulation results can provide us insights on the performances of different channel models applied to the direct C-V2X communication.