RESEARCH OF CHANGES IN THE SEA FERRY AND CRUISE NETWORKS OF THE BALTIC SEA UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF THE EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT

Cruise shipping is the calling card of many countries. In view of the downturn in this cruise industry due to Covid-19, it is necessary to develop new models and decision-making methods to reach pre-crisis levels. One such tool is the analysis and subsequent modernization of the route networks of ferry and cruise lines. The study presents models applicable to the regions of the seas. The object of the research is the Baltic Sea region and the existing route cruise networks. The article provides a global analysis of the cruise industry, confirming the need for modernization and the search for new solutions. Simply restarting the route networks, based on the 2019 networks, is not enough today. To solve the problem, a graph model of route networks is given, a model of route network organization is given, taking into account various subnetworks. To expand the capabilities of sea ferry and cruise lines, a theoretical model is proposed that allows the passenger to switch from one route to another, thus providing more flexibility and variety than the classical route through a given system of ports. The presented models are supported by examples of development of sea passenger ports and terminals of St. Petersburg, sea ferry networks of the Baltic Sea. Further research questions are presented. The presented model allows expanding the possibilities of the region, making them more attractive for passengers.