乌克兰地方权力组织改革:一种反危机管理机制

V. Hornyk, S. Kravchenko, S. Simak, O. O. Shevchenko, I. Bezena
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摘要

本文的重点是通过分析实施分散管理系统的潜力,寻找提高领土管理效率的方法。2014年在乌克兰发起的权力下放改革被认为是欧洲最好的做法之一。该国80%以上的领土已通过联合领土社区制度移交给行政管理部门,即直接交给社区代表管理。文章分析了乌克兰统一领土共同体发展的立法依据和主要趋势和模式。已经确定,大多数社区具有村庄或农村的地位。社会的面积与社会的人口没有成正比的比例。事实上,恰恰相反。地理上靠近大城市的社区面积较小,但人口较多。因此,已确定统一领土社区发展的一个重要方面是确保适当的社会经济发展水平。已经提出了提高各社区社会经济水平的机制,以确保乌克兰领土的均衡发展。因此,建议为创业活动的发展创造条件,通过忠诚的税收和租金计划创造有利的投资环境,为积极利用互联网资源的社区人口提供远程工作机会,同时考虑到乌克兰的数字化和数字化进程。
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Reform of the Territorial Organization of Power in Ukraine as a Mechanism of Anti-Crisis Management
The article is focused on finding ways to improve the efficiency of territorial management by analyzing the potential for implementing a system of decentralized management. Decentralization reform, founded in Ukraine in 2014, is recognized as one of the best practices in Europe. More than 80% of the territory of the country has passed to the administration through the system of united territorial communities, that is, directly to the management of representatives of the community. The legislative basis and the main trends and patterns in the development of united territorial communities in Ukraine are analyzed in the article. It has been determined that most communities have the status of village or rural. The area of society does not have a proportional ratio to the population in society. Quite the opposite, in fact. Communities close geographically too large cities have a smaller area but a larger population. Thus, it has been determined that an important aspect of the development of united territorial communities is to ensure an appropriate level of socio-economic development. The mechanisms to raise the socio-economic level of communities in order to ensure balanced development of the territories of Ukraine have been proposed. As a result, it is proposed to form conditions for the development of the entrepreneurial activity, a favorable investment climate through the program of loyal taxation and rent, the use of remote work opportunities for the population of communities actively using the resources of the Internet taking into account the course of Ukraine on digitization and digitalization.
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