Switched Capacitor Integrated Electric Vehicle for Energy Recovery During Regenerative Mode using Dual Sliding Mode-Proportional Integral Controller

In this paper, stabilization of voltage across the terminals of the PMSM is achieved when operated in regenerative braking mode. This PMSM is the driving machine in an electric vehicle which also acts as a generator when the vehicle is downstream or during braking conditions. During this condition due to the unpredictable speeds of the vehicle, the terminal voltage generated by PMSM is fluctuating and might damage the connected battery. Therefore, the terminal voltage of the PMSM is stabilized using switched capacitor module charging the battery with reduced ripple. The three switches (one per phase of PMSM) of the switched capacitor module are controlled by a voltage feedback-oriented control integrated with PI and reverser PI controllers. These conventional controllers are further updated with DSM-PI controllers for better performance of switched capacitor modules. With the new controller, the duty ratio of the switches has better stability improving the switching and performance of switched capacitor module. The modeling and simulation of the proposed system are designed and validated in MATLAB Simulink software.