当代建筑与艺术教育面临的挑战

V. Hryhorieva, О. Y. Bilhorodska
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摘要

本文致力于乌克兰教育过程中的当代挑战,以未来建筑师的美术准备为例。乌克兰教育和科学部(MESU)关于戒严令下高等教育机构(HEI)教育组织的基本文件进行了修订。对统计数据进行了分析,并对高等建筑艺术教育的保护与改革提出了建议。乌克兰于2022年2月24日实施戒严令,敖德萨国家土木工程与建筑学院建筑与艺术学院的教育过程发生了实质性变化。自第二次世界大战以来,第二学期的开始第一次受到停课的威胁。学院管理部门和研究所共同努力,以MES的正式文件为基础,为学院的成功运作和进一步发展做出了必要的决定。这篇文章的目的是审查与戒严令期间乌克兰高等教育有关的基本法律文件及其对教育进程的影响,概述在这种情况下未来建筑师远程学习的主要问题,并确定其进一步发展的前景。研究方法:对戒严时期乌克兰高等教育相关法律文献进行理论研究和分析;敖德萨国立土木工程与建筑学院建筑与艺术学院师生的实证调查与诊断。在对戒严令期间远程学习质量的研究中,敖德萨国立土木工程与建筑学院建筑与艺术研究所的绝大多数教师(80%)确定了主要挑战如下:在为国内流离失所的学生和暂时在国外的学生组织培训方面存在困难;国际学生;教育过程中所有参与者的紧张情绪和心理状态;技术限制和教师和学生缺乏必要的工具;教育申请者的积极性下降,等等。尽管面临着复杂的当代挑战,MESU提出了雄心勃勃的计划,旨在加速HEI融入欧洲和世界教育和研究领域。现代高等学校网络和教育空间的发展是高等教育质量提高的保障。
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CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES IN ARCHITECTURAL AND ARTISTIC EDUCATION
The article is dedicated to contemporary challenges in the educational process of Ukraine, exemplified by fine arts preparation of future architects. Basic documents of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (MESU) related to the organization of education in Higher Education Institutions (HEI) under martial law are revised. The statistics with proposals for the preservation and reform of higher architectural and artistic education are analyzed. Martial law in Ukraine, imposed on February 24, 2022, introduced substantial changes in the educational process of the Institute of Architecture and Art of Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture. For the first time since World War II the beginning of the second academic term turned out to be under the threat of suspension. The joint efforts of the Administration of the Academy and the Institute, grounded upon the official documents of the MES, lead to making the necessary decisions regarding the successful functioning and further development of the Academy. The purpose of the article was to review basic legal documents related to higher education of Ukraine during martial law and their impact upon the educational process, outline the major issues of distance learning of the future architects under such circumstances and determine the prospects for its further development. Methods of the research: theoretical – study and analysis of the legal documents, related to higher education of Ukraine during martial law; empirical – survey, diagnostics of the teaching staff and students of the Institute of Architecture and Art of Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture. While the research of the quality of distance learning during martial law the overall majority of the teachers staff (80 %) of the Institute of Architecture and Art of Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture identified the main challenges as following: difficulties in organization of training for internally displaced students and for the students, being temporarily abroad; international students; tense emotional and psychological state of all the participants in the educational process; technical constraints and lack of necessary tools for teachers and students; decrease in the motivation of the education applicants, etc. Despite the complexity of the contemporary challenges, the MESU presents ambitious plans concerning the accelerated integration of HEI into the European and world educational and research fields. The contemporary HEI network and the educational space is to be developed, thus ensuring the improvement of the quality of higher education.
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