Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-90-98
V. Pankratov
The article is devoted to a thematic study of the history of the emergence and development of the architecture of theater buildings as a specific area of architectural creativity. Theater buildings have always been located, and are located today, in the public centers of large cities and urban agglomerations. These buildings perform an important cultural and educational function and are distinguished by architectural uniqueness and originality. They play an important organizing role in the architectural ensembles of city streets and squares, emphasizing the prospects of avenues and boulevards. The article gives examples of theatrical buildings of antiquity, the Renaissance, the classical period and theatrical buildings of recent years. The image of the theater of Dionysus in Athens, on the slope of the Athenian acropolis, is used as an image of an ancient theatrical building. The most characteristic example of the Italian Renaissance theater is the Teatro Olimpico in Vicenza, designed by Andrea Palladio in 1580. In the interior of the theater, Palladio imitated the open space of Greek amphitheaters and the architectural style of ancient Rome. The Odessa Opera House can serve as an example of the development of the achievements of theatrical architecture of the 19th century. The most achievements of theatrical architecture of the 19th century. The most striking example of the theater of the 20th century is the Sydney Opera House – a symbol of new architecture created based on new building technologies. The 21st century is represented by more modern buildings: the Walt Disney Concert Hall in Los Angeles, the Poly Grand Theater in Shanghai, the New Philharmonic in Paris. Each building is a certain iconic phenomenon in the history of architecture and opens up new perspectives for rethinking the historical experience of the formation of such buildings. The architects made the most of the entire set of expressive means in order to draw the viewer's attention to the external appearance of the theater. Creating a background for the perception of a theatrical production and forming a sense of the continuity of the cultural space of theatrical art.
{"title":"FEATURES OF THE EVOLUTION OF THE ARCHITECTURE OF THEATER BUILDINGS","authors":"V. Pankratov","doi":"10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-90-98","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-90-98","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to a thematic study of the history of the emergence and development of the architecture of theater buildings as a specific area of architectural creativity. Theater buildings have always been located, and are located today, in the public centers of large cities and urban agglomerations. These buildings perform an important cultural and educational function and are distinguished by architectural uniqueness and originality. They play an important organizing role in the architectural ensembles of city streets and squares, emphasizing the prospects of avenues and boulevards. The article gives examples of theatrical buildings of antiquity, the Renaissance, the classical period and theatrical buildings of recent years. The image of the theater of Dionysus in Athens, on the slope of the Athenian acropolis, is used as an image of an ancient theatrical building. The most characteristic example of the Italian Renaissance theater is the Teatro Olimpico in Vicenza, designed by Andrea Palladio in 1580. In the interior of the theater, Palladio imitated the open space of Greek amphitheaters and the architectural style of ancient Rome. The Odessa Opera House can serve as an example of the development of the achievements of theatrical architecture of the 19th century. The most achievements of theatrical architecture of the 19th century. The most striking example of the theater of the 20th century is the Sydney Opera House – a symbol of new architecture created based on new building technologies. The 21st century is represented by more modern buildings: the Walt Disney Concert Hall in Los Angeles, the Poly Grand Theater in Shanghai, the New Philharmonic in Paris. Each building is a certain iconic phenomenon in the history of architecture and opens up new perspectives for rethinking the historical experience of the formation of such buildings. The architects made the most of the entire set of expressive means in order to draw the viewer's attention to the external appearance of the theater. Creating a background for the perception of a theatrical production and forming a sense of the continuity of the cultural space of theatrical art.","PeriodicalId":193023,"journal":{"name":"Regional problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127908562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-125-134
N. Kolesnikova
The article examines the issue of architectural and artistic expressiveness of public catering enterprises located in the urban environment, recreational areas and non-urban natural environment. The means of placement and composition, which take into account the natural environment, optimal orientation to the cardinal points, the topography of the area, the character of the building, etc., are used to achieve an organic connection between the building of public catering establishments and the environment. On the basis of the conducted researches, by the method of comparative analysis of examples of foreign and domestic public catering enterprises, the following methods of architectural and artistic expressiveness were identified and recommended: in the urban environment - accentuation of the building in the ordinary development, separation of the building from the ordinary development, using of the emotional background of the historical building, enterprise conceptuality, using of color and light solutions; in recreational areas, outside the city in the natural environment - the using of local materials and traditions, using of the available relief, the method of contrast and nuance, achieving of nature contact. The above-mentioned methods of architectural and artistic expressiveness of public catering buildings contribute to harmonious coexistence in the surrounding environment, have an aesthetic character, ensure their comfort, consumer’s appeal, and commercial efficiency. To create the architecture of the public catering enterprise and enhance its visual expressiveness, architects should make maximum effort not to violate the original integrity of the place and to connect the building with the surrounding environment as closely as possible.
{"title":"METHODS OF ARCHITECTURAL AND ARTISTIC EXPRESSION OF CATERING ENTERPRISES","authors":"N. Kolesnikova","doi":"10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-125-134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-125-134","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the issue of architectural and artistic expressiveness of public catering enterprises located in the urban environment, recreational areas and non-urban natural environment. The means of placement and composition, which take into account the natural environment, optimal orientation to the cardinal points, the topography of the area, the character of the building, etc., are used to achieve an organic connection between the building of public catering establishments and the environment. On the basis of the conducted researches, by the method of comparative analysis of examples of foreign and domestic public catering enterprises, the following methods of architectural and artistic expressiveness were identified and recommended: in the urban environment - accentuation of the building in the ordinary development, separation of the building from the ordinary development, using of the emotional background of the historical building, enterprise conceptuality, using of color and light solutions; in recreational areas, outside the city in the natural environment - the using of local materials and traditions, using of the available relief, the method of contrast and nuance, achieving of nature contact. The above-mentioned methods of architectural and artistic expressiveness of public catering buildings contribute to harmonious coexistence in the surrounding environment, have an aesthetic character, ensure their comfort, consumer’s appeal, and commercial efficiency. To create the architecture of the public catering enterprise and enhance its visual expressiveness, architects should make maximum effort not to violate the original integrity of the place and to connect the building with the surrounding environment as closely as possible.","PeriodicalId":193023,"journal":{"name":"Regional problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127418918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-25-31
O. Savytska, А. А. Іnakina, М. M. Savastru
This article deals with issues related to the analysis of the industrial development of the Arcadia district in the city of Odesa and the impact of this development on the quality of life of people living in this area. In recent years, the chaotic demolition of individual buildings in Arcadia and the development of the district in the form of high-rise residential buildings have been observed, which leads to the disruption of the urban fabric, which has historically developed for the worse, and creates loads on existing engineering networks. Cartographic and on-site studies have shown that the residential area of Arcadia has preserved the existing infrastructure, which does not correspond to today's times and requires rethinking. This article examines the prospects for the development of the district's infrastructure, the main problems, their solutions, on the example of other European cities, and the presence of existing social and household infrastructure. Attention is drawn to already existing positive and negative features of the district, analysis of new residential complexes and human life in these conditions, its quality. Advantages and disadvantages of the district are analyzed; interaction with other districts, motivation to interact with other districts: do residents of «autonomous» new buildings need it; does it make sense to buy real estate in the Arcadia area for a family with one or more teenagers; «life scenario» in the Arcadia area. Today, the construction of residential buildings continues in Arcadia, but the design priorities have changed fundamentally: the first place comes to the profit from the sale of apartments, which leads to the construction of exclusively high-rise buildings, the reduction of distances between buildings, which leads to the fulfillment of the conditions of insolation of residential premises, creates problems with parking personal transport. Also, the issues of household services are not solved, the burden is created on existing schools and kindergartens due to the lack of construction of new ones.
{"title":"CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF ARKADIA RESIDENTIAL DISTRICT IN ODESA","authors":"O. Savytska, А. А. Іnakina, М. M. Savastru","doi":"10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-25-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-25-31","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with issues related to the analysis of the industrial development of the Arcadia district in the city of Odesa and the impact of this development on the quality of life of people living in this area. In recent years, the chaotic demolition of individual buildings in Arcadia and the development of the district in the form of high-rise residential buildings have been observed, which leads to the disruption of the urban fabric, which has historically developed for the worse, and creates loads on existing engineering networks. Cartographic and on-site studies have shown that the residential area of Arcadia has preserved the existing infrastructure, which does not correspond to today's times and requires rethinking. This article examines the prospects for the development of the district's infrastructure, the main problems, their solutions, on the example of other European cities, and the presence of existing social and household infrastructure. Attention is drawn to already existing positive and negative features of the district, analysis of new residential complexes and human life in these conditions, its quality. Advantages and disadvantages of the district are analyzed; interaction with other districts, motivation to interact with other districts: do residents of «autonomous» new buildings need it; does it make sense to buy real estate in the Arcadia area for a family with one or more teenagers; «life scenario» in the Arcadia area. Today, the construction of residential buildings continues in Arcadia, but the design priorities have changed fundamentally: the first place comes to the profit from the sale of apartments, which leads to the construction of exclusively high-rise buildings, the reduction of distances between buildings, which leads to the fulfillment of the conditions of insolation of residential premises, creates problems with parking personal transport. Also, the issues of household services are not solved, the burden is created on existing schools and kindergartens due to the lack of construction of new ones.","PeriodicalId":193023,"journal":{"name":"Regional problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114848179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-32-38
V. Kurian, V. R. Slipchenko, K. V. Kurilovych
United Nations statistics indicate that urban populations across Europe are steadily increasing. In particular, the countries of Eastern Europe have the highest percentage of urbanization, which is not surprising, since cities are centers of economic development. It is cities that provide 70 percent of the gross domestic product. The UN predictsthat by 2050 the urban population will account for 70% of the total world population. Consequently, the process of urbanization poses new challenges and requirements for urban spaces, and a comfortable infrastructure and economic environment are becoming the most pressing issues. One of the preferred models for the spatial development of modern cities is the polycentric model. In this form, the harmonious coexistence of all points of the territory is possible, the balanced development of all regions, and ensuring the same quality of life throughout the city. The polycentric model provides for the placement of all social infrastructure within walking distance for each resident of the city. This approach will allow avoiding traffic jams, preserving the cultural heritage and historical parts of megacities.
{"title":"CURRENT TRENDS OF URBAN SPACE DEVELOPMENT","authors":"V. Kurian, V. R. Slipchenko, K. V. Kurilovych","doi":"10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-32-38","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-32-38","url":null,"abstract":"United Nations statistics indicate that urban populations across Europe are steadily increasing. In particular, the countries of Eastern Europe have the highest percentage of urbanization, which is not surprising, since cities are centers of economic development. It is cities that provide 70 percent of the gross domestic product. The UN predictsthat by 2050 the urban population will account for 70% of the total world population. Consequently, the process of urbanization poses new challenges and requirements for urban spaces, and a comfortable infrastructure and economic environment are becoming the most pressing issues. One of the preferred models for the spatial development of modern cities is the polycentric model. In this form, the harmonious coexistence of all points of the territory is possible, the balanced development of all regions, and ensuring the same quality of life throughout the city. The polycentric model provides for the placement of all social infrastructure within walking distance for each resident of the city. This approach will allow avoiding traffic jams, preserving the cultural heritage and historical parts of megacities.","PeriodicalId":193023,"journal":{"name":"Regional problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"690 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123829911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-77-83
G. V. Kyselova, V. Kyselov, A. Lisova
In connection with the global challenges that arise humanity in the 21st century, humanity continues to look for ways to reduce the costs of building housing and sub-housing. As an alternative option, more and more often standard sea containers are used, suitable for both permanent and temporary accommodation. The material of the article provides experience and general characteristics of housing from sea containers and its construction. Over the past two decades, the trade imbalance between Asia and Europe on one side and North America on the other has been the main cause of the abundance and relative cheapness of shipping containers (SCs), as such containers carry manufactured goods to North America from Asia and, to a lesser extent, from Europe. Instead of ship empty containers back to Asia and Europe at considerable expense, manufacturing new containers is considered more economic. Once these containers have served their purpose, they are thus stored at seaports in large numbers before they are recycled as scrap or reused as spatial modules in architecture. The Reuse of SCs for architectural purposes is not limited to certain types of buildings but extends from small private homes to skyscrapers. SCs offer infinite possible assemblies based on their modularity and are used for all types of buildings, social, domestic, and commercial. The SC goes a step further compared to traditional masonry, with longer cantilevers originating from its structural composition. As a relatively untapped trend, SCs can be slotted into a structure, and this integration creates a new symbiosis. In this article, based on an analysis of world experience, the prospects for building from sea containers are presented. The advantages and disadvantages, as well as the features of such buildings and structures are considered. The container specifies a specific module that imposes a restriction on the construction. But even so, the world resource of this material for creativity and construction is practically unlimited. One factor that has made it easier for the architecture and construction industry to accept the container as a building element is the fact that millions of containers are decommissioned every year. The balance of trade in many Western countries, which import more goods than they export, means that many containers remain in warehouses and are not used. Cost savings and space savings are also an advantage of the new approach.
{"title":"CARGOTECTURE: THE MODULAR EVOLUTION OF ARCHITECTURE","authors":"G. V. Kyselova, V. Kyselov, A. Lisova","doi":"10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-77-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-77-83","url":null,"abstract":"In connection with the global challenges that arise humanity in the 21st century, humanity continues to look for ways to reduce the costs of building housing and sub-housing. As an alternative option, more and more often standard sea containers are used, suitable for both permanent and temporary accommodation. The material of the article provides experience and general characteristics of housing from sea containers and its construction. Over the past two decades, the trade imbalance between Asia and Europe on one side and North America on the other has been the main cause of the abundance and relative cheapness of shipping containers (SCs), as such containers carry manufactured goods to North America from Asia and, to a lesser extent, from Europe. Instead of ship empty containers back to Asia and Europe at considerable expense, manufacturing new containers is considered more economic. Once these containers have served their purpose, they are thus stored at seaports in large numbers before they are recycled as scrap or reused as spatial modules in architecture. The Reuse of SCs for architectural purposes is not limited to certain types of buildings but extends from small private homes to skyscrapers. SCs offer infinite possible assemblies based on their modularity and are used for all types of buildings, social, domestic, and commercial. The SC goes a step further compared to traditional masonry, with longer cantilevers originating from its structural composition. As a relatively untapped trend, SCs can be slotted into a structure, and this integration creates a new symbiosis. In this article, based on an analysis of world experience, the prospects for building from sea containers are presented. The advantages and disadvantages, as well as the features of such buildings and structures are considered. The container specifies a specific module that imposes a restriction on the construction. But even so, the world resource of this material for creativity and construction is practically unlimited. One factor that has made it easier for the architecture and construction industry to accept the container as a building element is the fact that millions of containers are decommissioned every year. The balance of trade in many Western countries, which import more goods than they export, means that many containers remain in warehouses and are not used. Cost savings and space savings are also an advantage of the new approach.","PeriodicalId":193023,"journal":{"name":"Regional problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121376348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-220-226
S. Storozhuk, M. Lysachenko
The article examines the methodology of programs used by architects and other specialists in creative specialties. The transition to remote work has changed the standards of teaching and working material in Higher Education Institutions and forced most of society to use modern computer technologies. The main problem of the software is its constant updating, which leads to the difficulty of self-study, regardless of the availability of a huge amount of information on Internet resources. Moreover, depending on the specialization of the profession, as well as personal interests, at least three or four programs are required. At the moment, due to the limitations of computers and the complexity of programming such programs, such multifunctional programs that would cover all the necessary needs do not exist. All this gave birth to such a term as «pipeline» (conveyor) in the professional environment. The essence of the term is the correct sequence of stages and programs through which the model passes. The most common software methodology used by architects is as follows: by spatial functionality – 2D graphic editors (raster, vector and fairly new interface editors), 3D modeling programs and 4D (+ time) editors for creating animation. 3D programs are divided by model construction technologies: polygonal modeling (High Poly, Low Poly), curve-based NURBS technology, and BIM information building model. 3D also includes visualization programs, namely photo-realistic ones based on Ray-Trace technology, programs for online visualization (Real-time) and games. These programs will be relevant for study for another 6–7 years. Now, there is a trend of software providers moving from installing programs on users' computers to online services, as they did with Photoshop. This allows you to use the necessary programs on an inexpensive computer.
{"title":"MODERN ARCHITECTURAL SOFTWARE AND ITS DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS. «PIPELINE»","authors":"S. Storozhuk, M. Lysachenko","doi":"10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-220-226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-220-226","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the methodology of programs used by architects and other specialists in creative specialties. The transition to remote work has changed the standards of teaching and working material in Higher Education Institutions and forced most of society to use modern computer technologies. The main problem of the software is its constant updating, which leads to the difficulty of self-study, regardless of the availability of a huge amount of information on Internet resources. Moreover, depending on the specialization of the profession, as well as personal interests, at least three or four programs are required. At the moment, due to the limitations of computers and the complexity of programming such programs, such multifunctional programs that would cover all the necessary needs do not exist. All this gave birth to such a term as «pipeline» (conveyor) in the professional environment. The essence of the term is the correct sequence of stages and programs through which the model passes. The most common software methodology used by architects is as follows: by spatial functionality – 2D graphic editors (raster, vector and fairly new interface editors), 3D modeling programs and 4D (+ time) editors for creating animation. 3D programs are divided by model construction technologies: polygonal modeling (High Poly, Low Poly), curve-based NURBS technology, and BIM information building model. 3D also includes visualization programs, namely photo-realistic ones based on Ray-Trace technology, programs for online visualization (Real-time) and games. These programs will be relevant for study for another 6–7 years. Now, there is a trend of software providers moving from installing programs on users' computers to online services, as they did with Photoshop. This allows you to use the necessary programs on an inexpensive computer.","PeriodicalId":193023,"journal":{"name":"Regional problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114885634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-70-76
N. Dmytrik, O. Bogomolov
The article deals with issues related to the occurrence of renovation (late 90s of the 20th century). World practice shows that depressed industrial areas should be considered as territorial capital. Also, the law «On Regulation of Town Planning Activities» (2011) and the Resolution of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine «On the Concept of Sustainable Development of Settlements of Ukraine» (1999) demand more efficient use of urban areas and the creation of a favorable ecology. The formation of multifunctional complexes in the conditions of renovation of industrial facilities allows to effectively solve the problems of the modern city at all levels of the urban planning hierarchy - from large districts to a separate building; as an urban development attractor, the multifunctional complexes is one of the catalysts capable of contributing to the improvement of the structure of the urban fabric. Identifying the main principles of the formation of multifunctional complexes based on the renovation of the industrial facilities is an important task for taking further actions to solve this problem. The main principles of the architectural and planning organization of the multifunctional complexes under the conditions of renovation are formulated. These principles are: the principle of «adaptability», which consists in creating urban planning accessibility of the object and ensuring integrability, solving energy security and energy efficiency issues, creating a flexible planning structure and universality of its individual elements; the principle of «inheritance of cultural codes» aimed at preserving industrial artifacts (material level) and creating a legend of the object (intangible level), as well as carrying out museification of individual areas of the renovation object; the principle of «cooperation of the functions of the information and distribution space» aimed at the organization of a barrier-free architectural environment, the availability of additional services, ensuring the possibility of transformation for exhibition, communication and other functions.
{"title":"PRINCIPLES OF FUNCTIONAL AND PLANNING ORGANIZATION OF THE MULTIFUNCTIONAL COMPLEXES","authors":"N. Dmytrik, O. Bogomolov","doi":"10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-70-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-70-76","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with issues related to the occurrence of renovation (late 90s of the 20th century). World practice shows that depressed industrial areas should be considered as territorial capital. Also, the law «On Regulation of Town Planning Activities» (2011) and the Resolution of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine «On the Concept of Sustainable Development of Settlements of Ukraine» (1999) demand more efficient use of urban areas and the creation of a favorable ecology. The formation of multifunctional complexes in the conditions of renovation of industrial facilities allows to effectively solve the problems of the modern city at all levels of the urban planning hierarchy - from large districts to a separate building; as an urban development attractor, the multifunctional complexes is one of the catalysts capable of contributing to the improvement of the structure of the urban fabric. Identifying the main principles of the formation of multifunctional complexes based on the renovation of the industrial facilities is an important task for taking further actions to solve this problem. The main principles of the architectural and planning organization of the multifunctional complexes under the conditions of renovation are formulated. These principles are: the principle of «adaptability», which consists in creating urban planning accessibility of the object and ensuring integrability, solving energy security and energy efficiency issues, creating a flexible planning structure and universality of its individual elements; the principle of «inheritance of cultural codes» aimed at preserving industrial artifacts (material level) and creating a legend of the object (intangible level), as well as carrying out museification of individual areas of the renovation object; the principle of «cooperation of the functions of the information and distribution space» aimed at the organization of a barrier-free architectural environment, the availability of additional services, ensuring the possibility of transformation for exhibition, communication and other functions.","PeriodicalId":193023,"journal":{"name":"Regional problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"64 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114220864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-48-59
A. Malko
The issues of preserving the historical valuable architectural and urban environment are of paramount importance in Germany, primarily due to the rapid development of modern technologies regarding the regeneration of cities. There is a certain threat posed by new methods such as energy saving technologies. Germany, like all countries, faces the challenge of bringing cities into line with the requirements of a modern developed city, while preserving the identity of historic urban areas in a process of gentle regeneration. In addition, historically, over a long period of time, Germany was divided into East and West, which made it possible, when unified in 1990, to develop several unique methods for preserving the historical environment and uniting the country into a single whole. These include the developed program «Urban Planning Protection of Monuments» (German: Städtebaulicher Denkmalschutz) within which it is possible to preserve the integrity and authenticity of historical quarters by ensuring the interaction of urban planning authorities and the preservation of monuments, the participation of citizens as initiators and engines of the process, strict, purposeful activities of the municipality, a clear task and support from side of the federal government. An analysis of the experience of this program shows the need for cohesive work at the administrative level, during which individual stages of the development of a historically valuable architectural and urban environment are controlled and at the same time the citizens actively participate, as well as an expert assessment of the implementation of the program conducted by an independent expert body. The methodology and experience of applying this program, which has been operating for more than 20 years, shows the successful preservation of the historical environment and distinguishes Germany from other countries with the highest density of protected cultural heritage and a large number of not only single monuments, but urban planning ensembles and centers of historical cities. This technique may be useful for other countries.
{"title":"THE URBAN PLANNING PROTECTION OF THE MONUMENTS IN GERMANY ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE INNERE NEUSTADT DISTRICT IN THE CITY OF DRESDEN","authors":"A. Malko","doi":"10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-48-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-48-59","url":null,"abstract":"The issues of preserving the historical valuable architectural and urban environment are of paramount importance in Germany, primarily due to the rapid development of modern technologies regarding the regeneration of cities. There is a certain threat posed by new methods such as energy saving technologies. Germany, like all countries, faces the challenge of bringing cities into line with the requirements of a modern developed city, while preserving the identity of historic urban areas in a process of gentle regeneration. In addition, historically, over a long period of time, Germany was divided into East and West, which made it possible, when unified in 1990, to develop several unique methods for preserving the historical environment and uniting the country into a single whole. These include the developed program «Urban Planning Protection of Monuments» (German: Städtebaulicher Denkmalschutz) within which it is possible to preserve the integrity and authenticity of historical quarters by ensuring the interaction of urban planning authorities and the preservation of monuments, the participation of citizens as initiators and engines of the process, strict, purposeful activities of the municipality, a clear task and support from side of the federal government. An analysis of the experience of this program shows the need for cohesive work at the administrative level, during which individual stages of the development of a historically valuable architectural and urban environment are controlled and at the same time the citizens actively participate, as well as an expert assessment of the implementation of the program conducted by an independent expert body. The methodology and experience of applying this program, which has been operating for more than 20 years, shows the successful preservation of the historical environment and distinguishes Germany from other countries with the highest density of protected cultural heritage and a large number of not only single monuments, but urban planning ensembles and centers of historical cities. This technique may be useful for other countries.","PeriodicalId":193023,"journal":{"name":"Regional problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"525 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127629017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-84-89
D. S. Kravtsov
This article is devoted to the issue of cooperative operation of sports facilities of educational institutions by residents of nearby residential areas. Our interest in this question is based on the problem of low involvement of the population of Ukraine in physical culture and sports, as well as the lack of capacity of the existing network of sports facilities of the country. Considered several scientific papers in which the question of cooperative operation of sports facilities of educational institutions by residents of nearby areas. It is noted that the sports facilities of educational institutions make up a large part of the network of sports facilities of the country. However, most of the existing educational institutions sporting facilities have been built without taking into account the possibility of use by different groups of people. The article considers several characteristic features of such sports facilities that make their use by residents of nearby areas inconvenient. Both the functional aspect (the location of the object in the back of the site; location of sports halls on the upper or basement floors of educational buildings, etc.), and the semantic (expressiveness and informativeness of the environment) and aesthetic aspects are considered. The question of the motivational capacity of higher education institutions' sports complexes is raised. The modern state of a network of sports facilities at higher educational institutions is considered. The question of the negative influence of their obsolete and in need of repair condition on the motivation of visitors and the effectiveness of the process of physical education on their basis is highlighted. Insufficient attention to the issue of cooperative operation of the sports complex of higher educational institutions by other groups of the population is noted. In particular, the question of taking this form of operation into account when calculating the simultaneous capacity of a higher education institution's sports complex remains unclear. This issue requires further study.
{"title":"PROBLEMS OF ACCOUNTING FOR THE COOPERATIVE FORM OF OPERATION IN THE FORMATION OF SPORTS COMPLEXES OF HIGHER EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS","authors":"D. S. Kravtsov","doi":"10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-84-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-84-89","url":null,"abstract":"This article is devoted to the issue of cooperative operation of sports facilities of educational institutions by residents of nearby residential areas. Our interest in this question is based on the problem of low involvement of the population of Ukraine in physical culture and sports, as well as the lack of capacity of the existing network of sports facilities of the country. Considered several scientific papers in which the question of cooperative operation of sports facilities of educational institutions by residents of nearby areas. It is noted that the sports facilities of educational institutions make up a large part of the network of sports facilities of the country. However, most of the existing educational institutions sporting facilities have been built without taking into account the possibility of use by different groups of people. The article considers several characteristic features of such sports facilities that make their use by residents of nearby areas inconvenient. Both the functional aspect (the location of the object in the back of the site; location of sports halls on the upper or basement floors of educational buildings, etc.), and the semantic (expressiveness and informativeness of the environment) and aesthetic aspects are considered. The question of the motivational capacity of higher education institutions' sports complexes is raised. The modern state of a network of sports facilities at higher educational institutions is considered. The question of the negative influence of their obsolete and in need of repair condition on the motivation of visitors and the effectiveness of the process of physical education on their basis is highlighted. Insufficient attention to the issue of cooperative operation of the sports complex of higher educational institutions by other groups of the population is noted. In particular, the question of taking this form of operation into account when calculating the simultaneous capacity of a higher education institution's sports complex remains unclear. This issue requires further study.","PeriodicalId":193023,"journal":{"name":"Regional problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128166928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-23DOI: 10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-241-248
V. Hryhorieva, О. Y. Bilhorodska
The article is dedicated to contemporary challenges in the educational process of Ukraine, exemplified by fine arts preparation of future architects. Basic documents of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (MESU) related to the organization of education in Higher Education Institutions (HEI) under martial law are revised. The statistics with proposals for the preservation and reform of higher architectural and artistic education are analyzed. Martial law in Ukraine, imposed on February 24, 2022, introduced substantial changes in the educational process of the Institute of Architecture and Art of Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture. For the first time since World War II the beginning of the second academic term turned out to be under the threat of suspension. The joint efforts of the Administration of the Academy and the Institute, grounded upon the official documents of the MES, lead to making the necessary decisions regarding the successful functioning and further development of the Academy. The purpose of the article was to review basic legal documents related to higher education of Ukraine during martial law and their impact upon the educational process, outline the major issues of distance learning of the future architects under such circumstances and determine the prospects for its further development. Methods of the research: theoretical – study and analysis of the legal documents, related to higher education of Ukraine during martial law; empirical – survey, diagnostics of the teaching staff and students of the Institute of Architecture and Art of Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture. While the research of the quality of distance learning during martial law the overall majority of the teachers staff (80 %) of the Institute of Architecture and Art of Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture identified the main challenges as following: difficulties in organization of training for internally displaced students and for the students, being temporarily abroad; international students; tense emotional and psychological state of all the participants in the educational process; technical constraints and lack of necessary tools for teachers and students; decrease in the motivation of the education applicants, etc. Despite the complexity of the contemporary challenges, the MESU presents ambitious plans concerning the accelerated integration of HEI into the European and world educational and research fields. The contemporary HEI network and the educational space is to be developed, thus ensuring the improvement of the quality of higher education.
{"title":"CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES IN ARCHITECTURAL AND ARTISTIC EDUCATION","authors":"V. Hryhorieva, О. Y. Bilhorodska","doi":"10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-241-248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31650/2707-403x-2022-16-241-248","url":null,"abstract":"The article is dedicated to contemporary challenges in the educational process of Ukraine, exemplified by fine arts preparation of future architects. Basic documents of the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (MESU) related to the organization of education in Higher Education Institutions (HEI) under martial law are revised. The statistics with proposals for the preservation and reform of higher architectural and artistic education are analyzed. Martial law in Ukraine, imposed on February 24, 2022, introduced substantial changes in the educational process of the Institute of Architecture and Art of Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture. For the first time since World War II the beginning of the second academic term turned out to be under the threat of suspension. The joint efforts of the Administration of the Academy and the Institute, grounded upon the official documents of the MES, lead to making the necessary decisions regarding the successful functioning and further development of the Academy. The purpose of the article was to review basic legal documents related to higher education of Ukraine during martial law and their impact upon the educational process, outline the major issues of distance learning of the future architects under such circumstances and determine the prospects for its further development. Methods of the research: theoretical – study and analysis of the legal documents, related to higher education of Ukraine during martial law; empirical – survey, diagnostics of the teaching staff and students of the Institute of Architecture and Art of Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture. While the research of the quality of distance learning during martial law the overall majority of the teachers staff (80 %) of the Institute of Architecture and Art of Odesa State Academy of Civil Engineering and Architecture identified the main challenges as following: difficulties in organization of training for internally displaced students and for the students, being temporarily abroad; international students; tense emotional and psychological state of all the participants in the educational process; technical constraints and lack of necessary tools for teachers and students; decrease in the motivation of the education applicants, etc. Despite the complexity of the contemporary challenges, the MESU presents ambitious plans concerning the accelerated integration of HEI into the European and world educational and research fields. The contemporary HEI network and the educational space is to be developed, thus ensuring the improvement of the quality of higher education.","PeriodicalId":193023,"journal":{"name":"Regional problems of architecture and urban planning","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131722547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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