预测CMA-ES算子作为形状优化问题的归纳偏差

Stephen Friess, P. Tiňo, S. Menzel, B. Sendhoff, Xin Yao
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摘要

领域相关的专业知识和用于在不同问题领域之间进行仲裁的高级抽象可以被认为是人类问题解决者如何构建经验并在其生命周期中重用经验的重要组成部分。然而,从算法的角度复制它是一项不那么微不足道的努力。现有的优化知识转移方法在很大程度上不能对不同优化问题之间的相似性以及在此基础上形成的互补经验的性质提供更具体的指导。另一种更严格的方法是元学习。这个概念忽略了刻画问题相似性的任何障碍,转而关注形成领域相关的归纳偏差和在它们之间进行仲裁的机制的方法。原则上,我们在之前的研究中提出了构建归纳偏差并从程序优化数据中预测这些偏差的方法。然而,虽然我们获得了有效的方法,但它不允许以一种有凝聚力的方式联合构建预测成分和偏差。因此,我们在接下来的研究中表明,可以为CMA-ES算法导出改进的配置,这些配置可以作为归纳偏差,并且可以训练预测器来召回它们。特别值得注意的是,这个场景允许以联合的方式迭代地构建预测组件和偏差。我们在形状优化场景中证明了这种方法的有效性,在该场景中,在运行时,通过操作员配置以特定于问题的方式预测归纳偏置。
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Predicting CMA-ES Operators as Inductive Biases for Shape Optimization Problems
Domain-dependent expertise knowledge and high-level abstractions to arbitrate between different problem domains can be considered to be essential components of how human problem-solvers build experience and reuse it over the course of their lifetime. However, replicating it from an algorithmic point of view is a less trivial endeavor. Existing knowledge transfer methods in optimization largely fail to provide more specific guidance on specifying the similarity of different optimization problems and the nature of complementary experiences formed on them. A more rigorously grounded approach can be found alternatively in metalearning. This notion neglects any hurdles on characterizing problem similarity in favor of focusing instead on methodology to form domain-dependent inductive biases and mechanisms to arbitrate between them. In principle, we proposed within our previous research methods for constructing inductive biases and predict these from procedural optimization data. However, while we obtained effective methodology, it does not allow the joint construction of predictive components and biases in a cohesive manner. We therefore show in our following study, that improved configurations can be derived for the CMA-ES algorithm which can serve as inductive biases, and that predictors can be trained to recall them. Particularly noteworthy, this scenario allows the construction of predictive component and bias iteratively in a joint manner. We demonstrate the efficacy of this approach in a shape optimization scenario, in which the inductive bias is predicted through an operator configuration in a problem-specific manner during run-time.
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