苏梅地区居民甲状腺癌发病率及死亡率趋势分析

A. Kurochkin, Y. Moskalenko
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引用次数: 1

摘要

介绍。甲状腺癌在恶性肿瘤的结构中排名第九。自20世纪80年代以来,世界上大多数国家的发病率迅速上升,死亡率相对稳定甚至下降。本研究的目的是分析2014-2021年苏梅地区甲状腺癌发病率和死亡率趋势,研究组织学变异和性别年龄特异性特征的患病率,并将其与全乌克兰和全球数据进行比较。研究的结果。根据乌克兰国家癌症登记处的数据,2014年至2021年间,有24,626人被诊断患有甲状腺癌,其中包括4,556名男性(18.5%)和2,0070名女性(81.5%)。平均每年确诊3078.25±136.15人。女性的发病率是男性的3.8倍。2014-2021年,乌克兰的平均发病率为每10万人6.5例,而苏梅地区为每10万人8.9例。苏梅地区和乌克兰居民的平均死亡率没有差别,为每10万人0.4人。与全乌克兰的指标相比,苏梅地区的男性死亡率较低,女性死亡率较高,这是一个显著特征(每10万人中分别为0.2比0.3和0.6比0.4)。甲状腺恶性肿瘤的组织学类型研究表明,乳头状变异最常见(70.5% ~ 81.9%)。滤泡癌的具体比例从12.8%到19.2%不等。髓样变的发生率要低得多,为1.5%至4.6%,而未分化和鳞状细胞癌极为罕见(0.2%至3.3%的病例)。在布林区、大利卡·皮萨里夫卡区、科诺托普区、克拉斯诺皮利亚区、克罗列韦茨区、列别丁区、内德里盖利夫区、普蒂夫尔区、苏梅区、特罗斯特亚涅茨区和苏梅市,观察到的发病率明显较高。在乌克兰,50-64岁的女性和55-69岁的男性最常受到影响。据报道,70-84岁年龄段的男性和女性死亡率最高。2014-2021年期间,乌克兰人口的发病率和死亡率保持在稳定水平,低于全球指标。自2017年以来,苏梅地区的发病率一直在下降,这与欧洲的趋势相一致。在苏梅地区,甲状腺乳头状癌仍然是最常见的组织学变异。总的来说,乳头状癌、滤泡癌、髓样癌和间变性癌的比例与欧洲的数字一致。总的来说,乌克兰和世界其他国家的年龄趋势是相似的。
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ANALYSIS OF THYROID CANCER INCIDENCE AND MORTALITY TRENDS AMONG THE RESIDENTS OF THE SUMY REGION
Introduction. Thyroid cancer ranks ninth in the structure of malignant neoplasms. Since the 1980s, most countries in the world have seen a rapid increase in the incidence rate and a relatively stable or even decreasing mortality rate. The objective of our study was to analyze the thyroid cancer morbidity and mortality trends in the Sumy region during 2014–2021, to study the prevalence of histological variants and sex-age-specific characteristics, and to compare them with all-Ukrainian and global data. Study results. According to the National Cancer Registry of Ukraine, 24,626 people were diagnosed with thyroid cancer between 2014 and 2021, including 4,556 men (18.5%) and 2,0070 women (81.5%). On average, 3078.25 ± 136.15 people were diagnosed per year. The incidence rate among women is 3.8 times higher than among men. The average incidence rate in Ukraine in 2014–2021 was 6.5 per 100,000 population, while in the Sumy region – 8.9 per 100,000 population. The average mortality rates among residents of the Sumy region and Ukraine did not differ and amounted to 0.4 per 100,000 population. A distinctive feature was represented by the lower male and higher female mortality rates in the Sumy region compared to all-Ukrainian indicators (0.2 versus 0.3 per 100,000 population and 0.6 versus 0.4 per 100,000 population, respectively). The study of histological types of thyroid malignancies demonstrated that papillary variant was most common (70.5 to 81.9%). The specific share of follicular cancer ranged from 12.8 to 19.2%. The medullary variant occured much less often – in 1.5 to 4.6% of cases, while undifferentiated and squamous cell cancer was extremely rare (0.2 to 3.3% of cases). In Buryn district, Velyka Pysarivka district, Konotop district, Krasnopillia district, Krolevets district, Lebedyn district, Nedrygailiv district, Putyvl district, Sumy district, Trostyanets district and the city of Sumy, a significantly higher incidence rate was observed. Women aged 50–64 and men aged 55–69 are most often affected in Ukraine. The highest mortality rate is reported for the age range of 70–84 years for both males and females. Conclusions. During 2014–2021, the incidence and mortality rates among the population of Ukraine remained at a stable level and were lower compared to global indicators. Since 2017, the Sumy region has been presenting with a decrease in the incidence rate, which corresponds to European trends. In the Sumy region, papillary thyroid cancer remains the most common histological variant. In general, the shares of papillary, follicular, medullary, and anaplastic cancers are consistent with the European figures. In general, the age trends in Ukraine and other countries of the world are similar.
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