在顿巴斯冲突条件下保护国内流离失所者的权利

Andrii Butyrskyi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

顿巴斯的冲突是乌克兰最大的问题。由于这场冲突,乌克兰失去了一部分领土,损失了很多钱等。但这只是问题的一部分。有些问题是看不见的,过了一段时间才出现。其中一个问题是国内流离失所者。本文审查了在实现乌克兰国内流离失所者权利的实践中出现的问题,并概述了乌克兰国家当局在这一领域进一步工作的可能方式。国内流离失所者的问题是全国性的,因为它涉及到非常多的人,从政治角度来看极为重要。值得注意的是,国家正试图以各种可能的方式解决这一问题,但关于国内流离失所者的许多问题仍未得到解决,这导致了我们选择研究主题。首先,谈到国家为解决与国内流离失所者有关的问题所作的努力,意味着试图在立法一级规范我国的新关系。与此同时,乌克兰的立法应与普遍接受的国际准则相协调,其中应包括1951年《关于难民地位的公约》和1954年《关于无国籍人地位的公约》。关于乌克兰关于国内流离失所者的立法,在法律一级,这些关系由乌克兰“关于向国内流离失所者提供权利和自由”的法律和许多其他附则加以规定。如果对国内流离失所者问题的法律规定一般处于适当的水平,那么在实践中就会有许多问题,从小家庭到最重要的问题,例如在不同级别的选举中投票的权利。
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PROTECTION OF THE RIGHTS OF INTERNALLY DISPLACED PERSONS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE CONFLICT IN DONBASS
The conflict in Donbass is the greatest problem of Ukraine. As a result of this conflict, Ukraine has lost a part of its territory, a lot of money etc. But it is only a part of the problem. Some problems are invisible and arise only after a certain period of time. One of these problems is internally displaced persons. The article examines the problems that arise in the practice of realization of the rights of internally displaced persons in Ukraine and outlines possible ways of further work of state authorities of Ukraine in this area. The problem of internally displaced persons is nationwide since it concerns a very large number of people and is extremely important from a political point of view. It should be noted that the state is trying to resolve this problem in every possible way, but many issues remain unsolved regarding internally displaced persons, which led to the choice of the topic of our research. Speaking about the state's efforts to resolve the problems associated with the internally displaced persons, above all, implies attempts to regulate new relations for our country at the legislative level. At the same time, the legislation of Ukraine should be harmonized with generally accepted international norms, which should include the 1951 Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees and the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons. Regarding the Ukrainian legislation on the internally displaced persons, at the legal level, these relations are regulated by the Law of Ukraine “On Providing Rights and Freedoms of Internally Displaced Persons” and many other by-laws. If the legal regulation of the problems of internally displaced persons is generally at an appropriate level, then in practice there are a lot of problems that range from small households to the most important ones, such as the right to vote in elections at different levels.
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