重温皮洛斯事件和修昔底德对克利翁的“偏见”

A. Nikolaidis
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引用次数: 0

摘要

皮洛斯战役的结局是,斯巴达俘虏了近300名与外界隔绝的斯巴达人,这是斯巴达在伯罗奔尼撒战争中遭受的第一次重大挫折,同时也是雅典在伯罗奔尼撒领土上取得的第一次重大——更重要的是——意想不到的成功。在不忽视涉及的军事方面的情况下,本文将主要关注这一事业的政治方面,试图(a)评估和评价修昔底德对这一集的主角克利翁、尼西亚和德谟斯梯尼的态度,(b)通过他使用的词汇更好地理解历史学家的政治立场和判断,(c)表明他对克利翁的臭名昭著的偏见是缺乏证据的,只要它偶尔发生,这并不妨碍他对历史真相的尊重。
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Revisiting the Pylos Episode and Thucydides' 'Bias' against Cleon
The Pylos episode, ending with the capture of almost 300 Spartans who had been cut off on the Sphacteria island, was the first major setback suffered by Sparta during the Peloponnesian war and, at the same time, the first major – and more importantly – unexpected success of Athens, in Peloponnesian territory at that. Without overlooking the military side involved, this paper will primarily focus on the political aspects of this enterprise in an attempt (a) to assess and evaluate Thucydides’ attitude to the protagonists of this episode, Cleon, Nicias and Demosthenes, (b) to better understand the historian’s political stance and judgement through the vocabulary that he employs, and (c) to show that his notoriously presumed bias against Cleon is poorly substantiated and, insofar as it may occasionally occur, it does not interfere with his respect for historical truth.
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