Investigating Potential Protective Effects of Rutin against Deltametrin-Induced Spleen Toxicity in Rats through Oxidative Stress, Apoptosis and Inflammation Markers

potential protective effects of against spleen toxicity in rats through oxidative stress, apoptosis and ınflammation markers. Vet Sci ABSTRACT In this study, the protective effects of rutin (RUT) against spleen toxicity caused by deltamethrin (DLM) were investigated. For this purpose, DLM and/or RUT were applied to Sprague dawley rats for 28 days. According to results, DLM increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in spleen tissue, decreased glutathione (GSH) levels and mRNA transcript levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (KAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzymes. RUT treatment caused a decrease in MDA levels, activated SOD, KAT and GPx expressions and increased GSH lev- els. Also, RUT showed anti-inflammatory effect in spleen tissue by suppressing the expressions of mitogen-ac-tivated protein kinase-14 (MAPK14), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-ĸB) and interleukin-1-beta (IL-1 β ) activated by DLM. It was observed that the expression of anti-apoptotic protein B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) suppressed by DLM was activated by RUT. It is also among the other findings that the apoptotic protein Bcl-2-related X protein (Bax) is activated by DLM and suppressed by RUT. As a result, it was determined that DLM had a toxic effect on spleen tissue by causing oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis, however, RUT demonstrated antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects and protected spleen tissue from the toxic effect of DLM.