Technological effectiveness of machine for digging seedlings in nursery grown on vegetative rootstocks

The article presents the results of experimental studies of the process of digging seedlings, which confirm the interaction of the working bodies with the soil slice and the reinforced root system of seedlings. The authors confirmed that the root system of seedlings grown on vegetative rootstocks is much more compact and has a fibrous structure, and therefore, their excavation requires less effort compared to seedlings grown on seed rootstocks. Plants are mainly planted in the first field of the fruit nursery with rows between 0.7 and 1 m that the maximum depth of excavation of biennial seedlings on clonal rootstocks is 0.30-0.35 m, and the width of the excavation soil is about 0.50 m. The results of the study showed that the energy intensity of machine technological operations was 30.8 GJ, which is more per 1 ha of land per year (permissible load of 15 GJ per 1 ha). The construction scheme and kinematic parameters of the working body of the machine are substantiated, which should consist of two elements: passive digging bracket and active shaker. The working part of the bracket should be formed by a cylinder with the radius about 0.34 m and have a width of 0.18-0.24 m, and its spatial location should provide the angle of attack about 10 degrees. The ripper must be active, namely oscillating, and the amplitude of its oscillations must increase from the minimum at the inlet of the roll to the maximum at its output. The range of changes in the amplitude and frequency of oscillations should be in the range of 0.01-0.03 m and 5.5-6.2 s, respectively.