解构印度儿童电视频道卡通节目中的性别——一个文本分析

R. Jaggi
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引用次数: 7

摘要

后自由化时代对印度媒体产生了重大影响。印度电视尤其成为这一变化的主要受益者。节目内容、技术、受众和接受度都有了明显的改变。在这种情况下,独家儿童电视频道的演变是一个主要的发展。在过去的15年里,印度出现了许多24小时播放的儿童电视频道。儿童电视频道上的无数内容(西方的、日本的和本土的)正在重新定义童年的社会和文化建构。然而,在印度的背景下,阐明这一点的学术研究非常少。在不同的全球背景下,人们研究了电视在发展性别角色和身份观念方面的作用。本文将努力对印度儿童电视频道卡通节目中性别(男性、女性和其他)的表现形式进行批判性叙述。在本研究中,对四个最受欢迎的儿童电视频道的动画片的叙事进行了文本分析,并通过电视收视率来证明。通过研究不同卡通人物(女性、男性或其他)所扮演的性别角色,以及性别刻板印象是如何被传播或挑战的,研究人员对电视节目所传递的信息进行了分析。以2014年3月- 5月三个月的收视前四的周末剧集为样本进行文本分析。本研究以女性主义理论范式为背景,运用斯图尔特·霍尔的“表征”/“编码”和“解码”理论对这些电视节目(文本和视觉)进行叙事分析。
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Deconstructing Gender in Cartoon Programming on Children’s Television Channels in India – A Textual Analysis
The post-liberalization era impacted Indian media significantly. Indian television in particular was a major beneficiary of this change. The programming content, technique, reach and reception got significantly reconfigured. The evolution of exclusive children’s television channels was a major development in this scenario. The last fifteen years have witnessed the rise of many 24-hour children’s television channels in India. The myriad content (Western, Japanese and indigenous) on children’s television channels is redefining the social and cultural construction of childhood. However academic research studies that articulate this are very few and far between in the Indian context. The role of television in developing ideas on gender roles and identities has been researched in different global contexts. This paper would endeavour to build a critical narrative on the representation of gender (masculine, feminine and others) in cartoon shows on children’s television channels in India. In this research, the textual analysis of the narrative of four most popular cartoon shows on children’s television channels as demonstrated by the television ratings has been conducted. The messages being delivered through television programming have been analyzed by examining the gender roles fulfilled by different cartoon characters – feminine, masculine or others – and how gender stereotypes are propagated or challenged. The weekend episodes of the top four shows for three months (March – May 2014) are the sample for textual analysis. The research has been contextualized in the feminist theory paradigm and uses Stuart Hall’s theorizing of ‘representation’/ ‘encoding’ and ‘decoding’ for the narrative analysis of these televisions shows (texts and visuals).
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