Comparison between demand response programs in multiple carrier energy infrastructures in presence of wind and energy storage technologies

Greenhouse gas emission and growing energy requirements lead us to utilization of sustainable energy resources. Unfortunately, renewable energy resources are characterized by fluctuations due to features of primary fuels. Energy storages and demand response programs are taken into account as the complement of the alternative resources. In this paper, effect of different demand response programs (demand shedding and shifting) are compared in presence and absence of wind and energy storages in multi carrier energy systems. Energy hub is employed to model wind, storage and demand response programs in electricity and gas infrastructures. Mixed integer linear programming (MIP) and Cplex solver of GAMS software are used to solve the problem. The energy hub performance as well as the hub operation costs is evaluated by integrating wind and energy storage in presence of demand response programs in multi carrier energy networks.