Left-wing parties in Europe since the new millennium: dilemmas and development prospects

The left-wing parties in Europe are at the core of leading the world's left-wing movement. After the end of the Cold War, the European left-wing parties, as the front line against neoliberalism, faced severe challenges. The decline of party identity, the continuous decline of party governance performance, the rise of right-wing populist forces, and the continuous division of left-wing parties have affected the development trend of the European left-wing movement. This article analyses the current policy propositions of contemporary European left-wing parties, reveals the current challenges faced by European left-wing parties, analyses the future development trends of European left-wing parties, and provides path support for the vigorous development of the European left-wing movement.