Retrospective analysis of controversial topics on COVID-19 in Japan

For efficient policy-making, a thorough recognition of controversial topics is crucial because the cost of unmitigated controversies would be extremely high for society. However, identifying controversial topics is costly. In this paper, we proposed a framework to search for controversial topics comprehensively. We then conducted a retrospective analysis of the controversial topics of COVID-19 with data obtained via Twitter in Japan as a case study of the framework. The results show that the proposed framework can effectively detect controversial topics that reflect current reality. Controversial topics tend to be about the government, medical matters, economy, and education; moreover, the controversy score had a low correlation with the traditional indicators-scale and sentiment of the topics-which suggests that the controversy score is a potentially important indicator to be obtained. We also discussed the difference between highly controversial topics and less controversial ones despite their large scale and sentiment.