Integrating a Connected Micromobility Infrastructure to the Existing Public Transport

This paper presents the integration of connected micromobility infrastructure into the existing public transport system. The integration purpose is to help organize the public space in the urban environment, lower operation costs for micromobility operators, and create a better Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) experience for citizens with the connected and universal micro-mobility charging infrastructure solution. Our goal is to efficiently consolidate electric-powered shared micromobility vehicles such as e-scooters and e-bikes into hubs to manage their charging and maintenance operations efficiently. Therefore, determining the locations of these e-hubs and the required charging infrastructure is of paramount importance for satisfying the needs of the commuters. We address this problem using an optimization approach and develop a model for siting and sizing micromobility e-hubs within an urban context. We formulate the problem as a mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) and develop a Variable Neighborhood Search (VNS) metaheuristic algorithm to solve the problem. The evaluation of the performance of the solution methodology is applied using real data obtained from Ankara Metropolitan Municipality (AMM).