Handoff delay reduction model for heterogeneous wireless networks

The advancement of various wireless portable devices and wireless networks technologies increases the need for network services and applications, i.e., instant messaging, World Wide Web (WWW), e-Mail anywhere anytime. As a result, over the past years, we have seen an increasing number of users with the need and desire to be connected and reachable anywhere at any time. This is made possible by the existents of intersystem handoff/handover process between Heterogeneous Wireless Networks (HWNs). During the intersystem handoff process, certain applications and services are interrupted and ensuring efficiency of this process is challenging. In this paper, an Enhanced Handoff (EH) algorithm is designed by integrating enhanced fast roaming algorithm and Protocol for Carrying Authentication for Network Access (PANA) in order to lessen handoff delay in HWNs. As a result, the number of packet loss and handoff delay is minimized.