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Designing adaptive learning support through machine learning techniques 通过机器学习技术设计自适应学习支持
Pub Date : 2016-08-08 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2016.7530676
Robert O. Oboko, E. Maina, Peter Waiganjo, E. Omwenga, R. Wario
The use of web 2.0 technologies in web based learning systems has made learning more learner-centered. In a learner centered environment, there is need to provide appropriate support to learners based on individual learner characteristics in order to maximize learning. This requires a Web-based learning system to have an adaptive interface to suit individual learner characteristics in order to accommodate diversity of learner needs and abilities and to maintain an appropriate context for interaction and for achieving personalized learning. The purpose of this paper is to discuss how machine learning techniques can provide adaptive learning support in a Web-based learning system. In this research, two machine learning algorithms namely: Heterogeneous Value Difference Metric (HVDM) and Naive Bayes Classifier (NBC) were used. HVDM was used to determine those learners who were similar to the current learner while NBC was used to estimate the likelihood that the learner would need to use additional materials for the current concept. To demonstrate the concept we used a course in object oriented programming (OOP).
在基于web的学习系统中使用web 2.0技术使学习更加以学习者为中心。在以学习者为中心的环境中,需要根据学习者的个人特征为学习者提供适当的支持,以最大限度地提高学习效果。这就要求基于网络的学习系统具有适应学习者个体特征的自适应界面,以适应学习者需求和能力的多样性,并为互动和实现个性化学习保持适当的环境。本文的目的是讨论机器学习技术如何在基于web的学习系统中提供自适应学习支持。在本研究中,使用了两种机器学习算法:异质值差度量(HVDM)和朴素贝叶斯分类器(NBC)。HVDM用于确定与当前学习者相似的学习者,而NBC用于估计学习者需要为当前概念使用额外材料的可能性。为了演示这个概念,我们使用了面向对象编程(OOP)课程。
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引用次数: 2
An Improved-Cross Layer Scheduling model for intelligent home networks 一种改进的智能家庭网络跨层调度模型
Pub Date : 2016-08-08 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2016.7530609
K’Obwanga M. Kevin, Okuthe P. Kogeda, M. Lall
We daily add more devices and services into existing intelligent home networks. Consequently, various networking standards evolutions being experienced world over have not left home networks behind. These evolutions results in competition and depletion of the available limited resources. Consumers therefore, experience unavailable, unreliable and poor performing network both locally and remotely. In this paper, we present an Improved-Cross Layer Scheduling (CLS) model that optimizes performance of intelligent home networks. We have used Particle Swam Optimization (PSO) algorithm to dynamically schedule, align and prioritize network subnets, devices and services in the model. We have used Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) protocol to classify home network into six subnets. Consequently, we have used weighing factor numbers to classify subnet devices. Further, we have used Differentiated Service Code Points (DSCP) to classify supported home network services into six classes. Moreover, we have increased number of packets transmitted per Class of Service (CoS) iteratively. We have optimized each subnet and used the output of the preceding subnet as input to subsequent subnet. Equally, we have reduced delay between consecutive transmitting CoSs in the media. We have simulated our model and realized average network throughput of 99.735%, packet loss of 1.59% and delay of 1.82 milliseconds.
我们每天都在向现有的智能家庭网络中添加更多的设备和服务。因此,世界各地正在经历的各种网络标准演变并没有把家庭网络抛在后面。这些进化导致了竞争和可用有限资源的枯竭。因此,消费者在本地和远程都体验到不可用、不可靠和性能差的网络。在本文中,我们提出了一种改进的跨层调度(CLS)模型来优化智能家庭网络的性能。我们使用粒子游优化(PSO)算法对模型中的网络子网、设备和服务进行动态调度、对齐和优先级排序。我们使用虚拟局域网(VLAN)协议将家庭网络划分为六个子网。因此,我们使用加权因子数对子网设备进行分类。此外,我们使用差异化服务代码点(DSCP)将支持的家庭网络服务分为六类。此外,我们迭代地增加了每个服务类别(CoS)传输的数据包数量。我们对每个子网进行了优化,并将前一个子网的输出作为后一个子网的输入。同样,我们减少了媒体中连续传输损耗之间的延迟。仿真结果表明,该模型的平均网络吞吐率为99.735%,丢包率为1.59%,时延为1.82毫秒。
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引用次数: 3
Prototyping Smart City applications over large scale M2M testbed 基于大规模M2M测试平台的智慧城市应用原型
Pub Date : 2016-08-08 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2016.7530666
Nyasha Mukudu, N. Ventura, Joyce B. Mwangama, Asma Elmangoush, Ronald Steinke, T. Magedanz
Many cities around the globe are adopting the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) as part of a strategy to transform into Smart Cities. These will allow cities in the developing world to cope with the ever increasing demand for services such as an effective electricity supply, healthcare and water management. Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication standards play a vital role in enabling the development of Smart Cities by supporting new innovative services. Although Smart City services offer an exciting future, many challenges still have to be addressed in order to allow for mainstream adoption. This work focuses on issues related to prototyping Smart City services that utilize standardised M2M middleware platforms. In addition, the use of an inter-continental testbed for Smart City applications as an enabler for innovative, automated and interactive services is presented. The services developed will use an architecture which is based on the Smart City framework developed as part of the Testbeds for Reliable Smart City Machine-to-Machine Communication (TRESCIMO) project. These services will also serve as means to validate the use of Smart services within an African City's context. In addition, the architecture is validated by taking into account various real world use cases for Smart City applications.
全球许多城市正在采用信息通信技术(ICT)作为向智慧城市转型战略的一部分。这将使发展中国家的城市能够应对不断增长的服务需求,如有效的电力供应、医疗保健和水管理。机器对机器(M2M)通信标准通过支持新的创新服务,在实现智慧城市发展方面发挥着至关重要的作用。尽管智慧城市服务提供了一个令人兴奋的未来,但为了使其被主流采用,仍有许多挑战需要解决。这项工作的重点是与利用标准化M2M中间件平台的智慧城市服务原型相关的问题。此外,还介绍了智慧城市应用的洲际测试平台的使用,作为创新、自动化和交互式服务的推动者。开发的服务将使用基于智能城市框架的架构,该框架是作为可靠智能城市机器对机器通信测试平台(TRESCIMO)项目的一部分开发的。这些服务还将作为在非洲城市背景下验证智能服务使用的手段。此外,通过考虑智能城市应用程序的各种实际用例来验证该体系结构。
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引用次数: 3
A low cost laboratory for enhanced electrical engineering education 提高电气工程教育的低成本实验室
Pub Date : 2016-08-08 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2016.7530651
Ciira wa Maina, A. Muhia, James Opondo
This paper presents low cost laboratories that aim to enhance the teaching of electrical and electronic engineering. The laboratories have been designed and developed based on the Raspberry Pi microprocessor system and are aimed at exposing students to the integration of software and hardware in electrical engineering in addition to ensuring that students appreciate the theoretical foundations of areas such as digital signal processing and instrumentation. The paper describes the laboratory exercises developed. Feedback from students was collected and analysed. The positive response shows the effectiveness of this approach in teaching electrical and electronic engineering.
本文介绍了旨在提高电气与电子工程教学的低成本实验室。这些实验室是基于树莓派微处理器系统设计和开发的,旨在让学生接触到电子工程中软硬件的集成,同时确保学生了解数字信号处理和仪器仪表等领域的理论基础。本文描述了所开发的实验练习。收集和分析学生的反馈。学生的积极反应表明了该方法在电气与电子工程教学中的有效性。
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引用次数: 5
Process as an element of UX in collecting Indigenous Knowledge: A case study in South Africa 过程作为收集土著知识的用户体验元素:一个在南非的案例研究
Pub Date : 2016-08-08 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2016.7530693
Gugu Khalala, A. Botha, I. Makitla
User Experience (UX) is understood as the experience that a person gains when interacting with a product in terms of how easy or pleasing it is to use such a product. Computer applications are the most common products evaluated for user experience. Based on primary data collected through a case study research strategy, this paper argues that a process is an important element of user experience that needs to be considered when collecting Indigenous Knowledge (IK) in rural communities in South Africa. Our research findings show that the defined IK recording process may be understood as having impact on usability if IK recorders have problems completing their tasks when following this process. The implications here are that the scope of applying UX evaluation should now be expanded to include processes; because processes describe how a task is to be accomplished; this is very similar to what the user interface of a computer application is meant to achieve. This is the key contribution of this paper to the user experience body of knowledge.
用户体验(UX)被理解为一个人在与产品交互时获得的体验,即使用这种产品是多么容易或愉快。计算机应用程序是最常见的评估用户体验的产品。基于通过案例研究策略收集的原始数据,本文认为在南非农村社区收集土著知识(IK)时,过程是用户体验的一个重要元素,需要加以考虑。我们的研究结果表明,如果IK记录器在遵循此过程时无法完成任务,则定义的IK记录过程可能会被理解为对可用性有影响。这里的含义是,应用用户体验评估的范围现在应该扩大到包括过程;因为过程描述了如何完成一项任务;这与计算机应用程序的用户界面要实现的目标非常相似。这是本文对用户体验知识体系的关键贡献。
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引用次数: 1
ICT adoption and use in Zimbabwean SMEs 津巴布韦中小企业采用和使用信息通信技术
Pub Date : 2016-08-08 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2016.7530576
Peter J. Makiwa, Riana Steyn
This paper analyses the key elements that affect the acceptance and effective utilisation of ICT, in Zimbabwean SMEs. The research employed a qualitative research approach and utilised the survey strategy to obtain reliable data and provide a tentative view of the SMEs in context. The data obtained from structured interviews with identified SMEs has practically identified key elements that affect ICT adoption and use in Zimbabwean SMEs. The findings obtained from the investigation revealed that the main barriers to ICT use and adoption in Zimbabwean SMEs were linked to a lack of ICT knowledge and skills, poor infrastructure, lack of Government support and the negative perception that SME managers and owners have towards ICT. The research also highlights how ICT enhances competitive advantage in SMEs and gives key recommendations on the use and adoption of ICT in Zimbabwean SMEs.
本文分析了影响津巴布韦中小企业接受和有效利用信息通信技术的关键因素。该研究采用了定性研究方法,并利用调查策略,以获得可靠的数据,并提供了一个试探性的看法,中小企业的背景。通过对确定的中小企业进行结构化访谈获得的数据实际上确定了影响津巴布韦中小企业采用和使用信息通信技术的关键因素。调查结果显示,津巴布韦中小企业使用和采用信息通信技术的主要障碍与缺乏信息通信技术知识和技能、基础设施差、缺乏政府支持以及中小企业经理和所有者对信息通信技术的负面看法有关。该研究还强调了信息通信技术如何增强中小企业的竞争优势,并就津巴布韦中小企业使用和采用信息通信技术提出了关键建议。
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引用次数: 8
The extent to which the POPI act makes provision for patient privacy in mobile personal health record systems POPI法案在多大程度上规定了移动个人健康记录系统中的患者隐私
Pub Date : 2016-08-08 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2016.7530595
Munyaradzi Katurura, L. Cilliers
Health care providers are increasingly making use of m-health systems for data collection and maintenance of patients' health records, e.g. Mobile Personal Health Record Systems (MPHS). The privacy issues raised when making use of MPHRS include how information is collected, stored, and who has access to the collected information. These privacy concerns have not been investigated in the South African context before making use of the POPI Act. The Conceptual Framework for M-health was used as the foundation for evaluating the privacy principles relevant to MPHRS. The analysis found that while most privacy principles are regulated in the POPI Act, it does not make reference to a specific privacy management programme for MPHRS or anonymity of presence. This is problematic as health care providers will not have any guidance as to how to comply with the various privacy implementation principles. The recommendation of the study is then to develop these privacy management programmes in order to ensure compliance and information privacy of patients making use of MPHRS.
卫生保健提供者越来越多地利用移动保健系统收集数据和维护病人的健康记录,例如移动个人健康记录系统(MPHS)。使用mprs时产生的隐私问题包括如何收集和存储信息,以及谁有权访问收集到的信息。在使用POPI法案之前,这些隐私问题尚未在南非的背景下进行调查。移动医疗概念框架被用作评估与移动医疗服务相关的隐私原则的基础。分析发现,虽然大多数隐私原则都受到POPI法案的监管,但它并没有提到针对MPHRS或在场匿名的具体隐私管理计划。这是有问题的,因为卫生保健提供者在如何遵守各种隐私实施原则方面没有任何指导。该研究的建议是制定这些隐私管理计划,以确保使用MPHRS的患者遵守规定并保护其信息隐私。
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引用次数: 7
Towards the effect of external agencies on national information and communication technology policies development in developing countries: Case of Africa 探讨外部机构对发展中国家国家信息和通信技术政策发展的影响:以非洲为例
Pub Date : 2016-08-08 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2016.7530703
G. Kunyenje, W. Chigona
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) spearheads a country's social and economic development and studies have established that there is a relationship between ICTs and a country's social and economic development. Development of ICT policies in African countries has been through the adoption of prescribed models: blue print and an incremental approach based on the blue print approach. Despite the countries using these two frameworks, there are still indications that the gap in implementing ICTs in Africa is widening from the rest of the world. This research examines the effect of foreign agencies on national ICT policy development in developing countries. A case study approach will be used to compare two countries that adopted the NICI framework with other two that followed the incremental process. Secondary data from databases kept by international development agencies and policy documents from countries under study will be used in the research.
信息通信技术(ICT)引领着一个国家的社会和经济发展,研究已经确立了信息通信技术与一个国家的社会和经济发展之间的关系。非洲国家信息和通信技术政策的制定是通过采用规定的模式:蓝图和基于蓝图方法的增量方法。尽管这些国家使用了这两个框架,但仍有迹象表明,非洲在实施信息通信技术方面与世界其他地区的差距正在扩大。本研究考察了外国机构对发展中国家信息通信技术政策制定的影响。将采用案例研究方法对采用NICI框架的两个国家与采用增量过程的另外两个国家进行比较。国际发展机构保存的数据库中的二手数据和所研究国家的政策文件将用于研究。
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引用次数: 3
Towards non-cash payments in Tanzania: The role of mobile phone money services 坦桑尼亚的非现金支付:移动电话支付服务的作用
Pub Date : 2016-08-08 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2016.7530611
Hosea Mpogole, Yohana Tweve, Neema Mwakatobe, Serijo Mlasu, Deo Sabokwigina
This study investigated the usage of non-cash payments through m-money services among students of the University of Iringa in Tanzania. A convenient sample of undergraduate students and business operators within and around the University campus was used. It was found that 80% of utility shops accepted noncash payments through m-money, business operators were optimistic about the service although there were challenges related to transaction costs and network/sending errors. Approximately 81% of respondents frequently received money from their sponsors/relatives through their m-money accounts. About 63% of respondents made regular savings deposits on their mobile phones unlike their bank accounts. Over 60% used m-money services for non-cash payments and savings deposits. This has a significant implication for the recent movement from predominantly cash to non-cash payments as subscribers directly pay for their purchased items through their mobile phones without necessarily having cash at hand. Practical recommendations and a direction for further study are provided.
本研究调查了坦桑尼亚伊林加大学学生通过移动货币服务使用非现金支付的情况。本研究选取了大学校园内外的本科生和经营者作为样本。研究发现,80%的公用事业商店接受通过移动货币进行非现金支付,尽管存在与交易成本和网络/发送错误相关的挑战,但经营者对这项服务持乐观态度。大约81%的受访者经常通过他们的移动钱包账户从他们的赞助商/亲戚那里收到钱。与银行账户不同,约63%的受访者通过手机进行定期储蓄。超过60%的人使用移动货币服务进行非现金支付和储蓄存款。这对最近从现金支付为主向非现金支付为主的转变具有重要意义,因为用户直接通过手机支付购买的商品,而不必随身携带现金。提出了切实可行的建议和进一步研究的方向。
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引用次数: 6
A security algorithm for wireless sensor networks in the Internet of Things paradigm 物联网模式下无线传感器网络的安全算法
Pub Date : 2016-08-08 DOI: 10.1109/ISTAFRICA.2016.7530646
Ts’itso Maphats’oe, M. Masinde
In this paper we explore the possibilities of having an algorithm that can protect Zigbee wireless sensor networks from intrusion; this is done from the Internet of Things paradigm. This algorithm is then realised as part of an intrusion detection system for Zigbee sensors used in wireless networks. The paper describes the algorithm used, the programming process, and the architecture of the system developed as well as the results achieved.
在本文中,我们探讨了拥有一种可以保护Zigbee无线传感器网络免受入侵的算法的可能性;这是从物联网范式中完成的。该算法随后被实现为无线网络中使用的Zigbee传感器入侵检测系统的一部分。本文介绍了所采用的算法、编程过程、系统的体系结构以及所取得的成果。
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引用次数: 3
期刊
2016 IST-Africa Week Conference
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