Характеристика фитопатогенной нагрузки семян озимой пшеницы устойчивого к болезням сорта куяльник при помощи молекулярно-генетических методов

The aim of this work was to test the seeds of the Kuyalnik variety (harvest of 2019) for the presence of pathogens of the genera Fusarium, Myrothecium, Alternaria, Penicillium, and Aspergillus by molecular genetic methods (PCR, nested-PCR). The use of species-specific primers for these pathogens allowed to detect 6 species of Fusarium (F. verticillioides, F. avenaceum, F. oxysporum, F. equiseti, F. sporotrichioides, F. incarnatum) in the seeds of the disease-resistant variety of winter wheat. It was found that the seeds of this variety of winter wheat also contained a large amount of Alternaria alternata, and a trace amount of Penicillium spp. Phytopathogens of the Myrothecium spp. genus and of the Aspergillus parasiticus were not identified in the DNA isolated from the seeds of the winter wheat variety Kuyalnik. The presence of such a diversity of fungal pathogens in the seeds of the resistant winter wheat variety Kuyalnik requires treatment of seeds with fungicides.