确保乌克兰农业食品链交换对等的指示

O. Varchenko
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引用次数: 1

摘要

摘要本文探讨了乌克兰农业食品链中部门间价格关系的问题。事实证明,由于价格差异导致的农工综合体不同领域之间关系的不平衡,导致金融资源从一个产业向另一个产业撤回,没有为扩大再生产创造条件。影响农产品连锁价格的因素是系统化的:通货膨胀、差距、货币波动、销售渠道等。研究证实,2000-2019年期间,农业经济部门的创业活动主体在价格差异的条件下经营,这导致其盈利能力相对较低。在食品工业产业链主体的参与者层面,食品工业产品的价格指数已经超过了农业水平,但盈利水平很低——2019年为1.4%。经分析证明,食品和农产品零售价格之间存在差异,批发和零售贸易的利润率为15.8-23.3%。在批发和零售贸易层面,供应链交换等价的违反导致农业企业进入控股型垂直整合协会。有证据表明,确保农业食品链交换对等需要在农业部门引入一套增值工具,包括反垄断监管、市场基础设施发展、农村合作和一体化以及支持小生产者的发展。
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Directions for Ensuring the Equivalence of Exchange in Agri-Food Chains in Ukraine
Abstract The article examines the issues of intersectoral price relations in agri-food chains in Ukraine. It is proved that the imbalance of relations between different spheres of the agro-industrial complex due to price disparity causes the withdrawal of financial resources from one industry to another, without creating conditions for expanded reproduction. The factors influencing prices in agri-food chains are systematized: inflation, disparity, currency fluctuations, sales channels, etc. It is confirmed that the subjects of entrepreneurial activity of the agricultural sector of economy operated in conditions of price disparity during 2000–2019, which led to a relatively low value of their profitability. At the level of a participant in the chain of food industry entities, the price index for food industry products has been exceeded over the agricultural level, but there is a very low level of profitability – 1.4% in 2019. Analytically proved existence of a disparity between retail prices for food and agricultural products provides a profitability of wholesale and retail trade at 15.8–23.3%. Violation of the equivalence of exchange in supply chains at the level of wholesale and retail trade leads to the entry of agricultural enterprises into vertically integrated associations of the holding type. It is substantiated that ensuring the equivalence of exchange in agri-food chains requires the introduction of a set of value-added tools in the agricultural sector of antitrust regulation, market infrastructure development, rural cooperation and integration, and support for the development of small producers.
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