Introduction
Historical Outline
Early Background
The Golden Age of Collagen Discoveries: Composition, Conformation, and Fibril Organization
Amino Acid Sequence, Genetic Diversity, and Precursors
Chemical Structure
Unusual Amino Acid Features and Post-translational Modifications
Cross-links Between Collagen Chains
Structure of the Collagen Triple Helix
Occurrence and Function of Collagen
Fibril-forming Collagens
Non-fibrillar Collagens
Biosynthesis and Biochemistry of Collagen
Physiology
Biodegradation
Polypeptide Models of Collagen
Molecular Genetics and Collagen Diseases
Chemical Analysis and Detection
Production and Applications
Biomedical Applications of Collagen
Gelatin Production and Applications
Recombinant Collagen and Gelatin
Immunological Response to Collagen Products
Patents
Outlook and Perspectives
Acknowledgements
Keywords:
collagen;
gelatin;
triple helix;
fibrous proteins;
extracellular matrix;
hydroxyproline;
hydroxylysine;
cross-links;
matrix metalloproteinases;
osteogenesis imperfecta;
peptide models;
prolyl hydroxylase;
recombinant;
biomaterials;
immunology;
procollagen;
cis-trans isomerization;
collagen patents;
gelatin patents;
tendon;
polypeptides;
leather;
recombinant collagens;
hydrogen bonding;
chaperone;
hydration;
imino acids