巴基斯坦英语中城市化的相关性:一个文化整合因素

H. Syed
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摘要

巴基斯坦英语是一种非母语英语,因为它与标准英式英语有不同的变化。每一种非母语都对文化有很大的影响,因为语言就是文化,文化就是语言。很明显,当地语言的许多单词成为在特定地区使用的各种英语的一部分。巴基斯坦英语的文化融合非常占主导地位,因为它与乌尔都语联合在一起,因为乌尔都语是巴基斯坦伊斯兰共和国1973年宪法宣布的国家语言。因此,巴基斯坦英语表现出对乌尔都语的“借用”,并导致巴基斯坦人所说的英语变体的基本部分是未被化和代码转换的术语。最近的研究表明,对巴基斯坦英语进行了广泛的多维研究。本文旨在强调乌尔都语词汇作为巴基斯坦英语的一个独特组成部分。通过方便抽样技术选取报纸、公文和教科书等文献样本,采用定性方法对城市化进行表征。本研究将强调城市化现象下巴基斯坦英语的构词过程,以及它如何打开巴基斯坦英语中语码转换术语产生的途径。在这项研究中,新词也将与巴基斯坦各地的乌尔都化英语有关。为此,本文将深入讨论塔阿拉特、塔里克·拉赫曼、艾哈迈尔·马赫布和鲍姆加德纳在巴基斯坦英语领域的杰出作品。研究结果表明,乌尔都语作为一种文化整合体与巴基斯坦英语有着明显的联系。本研究将为巴基斯坦英语作为一种处于标准化边缘的独特英语变体开辟引人注目的研究途径。
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Correlation of Urduization in Pakistani English (PAKE): A Cultural Integrant
Pakistani English is a non-native variety of English language as it shows different shifts from Standard British English. Every non-native language has a great impact of culture because language is culture and culture is language. It is obvious that many words of local languages become part of the variety of English that is spoken in a specific region. Cultural integration in Pakistani English is very dominant as it is syndicated with Urdu language because Urdu language is a national language of Pakistan declared by constitution of Islamic Republic of Pakistan 1973. Thus Pakistani English shows “Borrowing” from Urdu language and leads to the urduized and code-switched terms as an elementary part of English variety spoken in Pakistan. Recent studies show extensive research on Pakistani English in multi-dimensional avenues. This paper intends to highlight inclusion of Urdu words as a distinct part of Pakistani English (PakE). Qualitative approach has been used to signify Urduization in sample of writings which include newspapers, official letters and text books selected through convenience sampling technique. This study will highlight the word formation process in Pakistani English under parasol of Urduization phenomenon and how it opens the pathway of producing code-switched terms as an integral part of Pakistani English. Neologism will also be delineated in this study related to Urduized version of English spoken across Pakistan. For this purpose eminent works of M. Taalat, Tariq Rehman, Ahmar Mahboob and Baumgardner in the realm of Pakistani English will be discussed profoundly. Findings show Urdu language as a cultural integrant syndicated with Pakistani English explicitly. This study will open the avenues of conspicuous research regarding Pakistani English as a distinct variety of English at the verge of standardization.
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