Determination of the Effect of Periimplantitis-Induced Bone Defects on Implant Stability by Resonance Frequency Analysis Method: An Ex-Vivo Study

Objectives: Periimplantitis is an infectious disease that causes the resorption of the alveolar bone around the implant. This resorption compromises osseointegration by affecting bone-implant contact. This study aimed to determine the effects of experimentally created 3-walled periimplantal defect models at different depths on osseointegration. Materials and Methods: This study was designed as an ex-vivo study. Fresh bovine ribs were used in this study. A total of 14 dental implants of 3.5x10 mm size were placed on the fresh beef rib, and then periimplantal bone defects of different depths were experimentally created. There are a total of 4 groups in the study, they are respectively; healthy group, 1.5 mm deep defect, 2.5 mm deep defect, and 5 mm deep defect group. For all of these groups, osseointegration was evaluated with the Osstell penguin device using the resonance frequency analysis method from four regions of each implant, mesial-distal buccal palatinal, to determine the osseointegration level according to the amount of bone-implant contact. Results: While the highest ISQ values were observed in the healthy group, the difference between the other groups and the healthy group was not statistically significant, except for the 5 mm defect group. The results of the 5 mm defect group were significantly lower than those of the other three groups. Conclusion: It has been observed that there will be a significant decrease in osseointegration according to osstell scores in periimplantal defects with a defect depth of 5 mm