Using the satellite leveling technique for creating a height network in Lebanon

The article deals with the issue of using satellite leveling technology to create referenced height networks. The topic is relevant with the possibility of determining normal heights according to satellite determinations. At the same time, ensuring that the appropriate accuracy is associated with the solution of technological and computational problems. The first one is connected with the formulation of experimental studies to clarify the degree of variability of the reference surfaces, on which the transfer of the mark depends on the geometric leveling method. The second one is aimed to clarify the quasi-geoid marks for certain territories according to satellite determinations, quasi-geoid model, and geometric leveling. The use of satellite leveling technology is especially appropriate for countries with either no existing state geodetic network, or an undeveloped one, which in turns prevents finding a full-fledged solution of the practical problems. The presented method of satellite leveling includes the analysis of the deviations accuracy from the plumb line. An example of testing the methodology in Lebanon is given.