Employment outcomes among transitioned Australian Defence Force members: An exploration of sex differences

LAY SUMMARY Gaining employment is one of the many challenges Veterans face when transitioning out of the military. Females and males have different experiences while serving, as well as when transitioning to civilian life, that can affect employment after transition. This study explores the factors affecting employment for females and males, finding that some factors differ by sex. Children, housing, age, amount of time since transition, military service type, and education were all shown to affect employment differently for females and males. Similarities between females and males were found for factors such as mental health, trauma, reasons for leaving, and transitioning to the reserves. Results show that different factors affect employment for females and males. Further research is needed to develop more awareness of the female transition experience to ensure services support the unique needs of female Veterans.