废锂离子电池中石墨的回收

IF 4.6 Q2 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY Recycling Pub Date : 2023-10-08 DOI:10.3390/recycling8050079
Charlotte Badenhorst, Iwona Kuzniarska-Biernacka, Alexandra Guedes, Elsayed Mousa, Violeta Ramos, Gavin Rollinson, Guozhu Ye, Bruno Valentim
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引用次数: 0

摘要

废旧锂离子电池(lib)中存在石墨和锂金属氧化物(LMOs)等供应风险高、经济重要性高的关键原材料。从lib中回收和循环利用这些关键原材料将有助于循环经济模式,减少与这些材料开采相关的环境足迹,并降低其高供应风险。本文的主要目的是介绍一种从废LIB中回收黑质(BM)石墨的分离工艺。同时,还回收了LMO和铜(Cu)、铝(Al)箔作为副产品。该工艺使用了简单和/或低环境足迹技术的组合,如筛分、沉浮法、柠檬酸浸出、超声波磨矿和软磨矿,以分离LIB有价值的成分。三种不同尺寸(25 μ m, 45 μ m和75 μ m)的富石墨产品(纯度在74 - 88 wt.%之间,总碳收率为14 wt.%), Cu和Al箔碎片,以及富含lmo的沉淀产品。开发的过程很简单,使用低温和弱酸,并使用市场上可负担得起和可扩展的设备。与其他LIB回收过程相比,它的优点是可以实现,可以这么说,“在您的后院”。
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Recovery of Graphite from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries
Critical raw materials, such as graphite and lithium metal oxides (LMOs), with a high supply risk and high economic importance are present in spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). The recovery and recycling of these critical raw materials from LIBs will contribute to the circular economy model, reduce the environmental footprint associated with the mining of these materials, and lower their high supply risk. The main aim of this paper is to present a separation process to recover graphite from black mass (BM) from spent LIB. Simultaneously, LMO and copper (Cu) and aluminum (Al) foils were also recovered as by-products from the process. The process used a combination of simple and/or low environmental footprint technologies, such as sieving, sink-float, citric acid leaching, and milling through ultrasound and soft attrition, to allow separation of the LIB valuable components. Three graphite-rich products (with purities ranging between 74 and 88 wt.% total carbon and a combined yield of 14 wt.%) with three different sizes (<25 µm, <45 µm, and <75 µm), Cu and Al foil fragments, and an LMO-rich precipitate product are delivered. The developed process is simple, using low temperatures and weak acids, and using affordable and scalable equipment available in the market. Its advantage over other LIB recycling processes is that it can be implemented, so to speak, “in your backyard”.
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来源期刊
Recycling
Recycling Environmental Science-Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
CiteScore
6.80
自引率
7.00%
发文量
84
审稿时长
11 weeks
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